Investigation of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Friction Stir Welding

Taheri, Hossein; Kilpatrick, Margaret; Norvalls, Matthew; Harper, Warren J.; Koester, Lucas W.; Bigelow, Timothy; Bond, Leonard J.

doi:10.3390/met9060624

Open AccessReview

Investigation of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Friction Stir Welding

by

Hossein Taheri

^1,*

,

Margaret Kilpatrick

²,

Matthew Norvalls

³,

Warren J. Harper

³,

Lucas W. Koester

⁴,

Timothy Bigelow

^3,4

and

Leonard J. Bond

^3,5

¹

Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA

²

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30460, USA

³

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA

⁴

Center for Nondestructive Evaluation (CNDE), Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA

⁵

Department of Aerospace Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Metals 2019, 9(6), 624; https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060624

Submission received: 15 April 2019 / Revised: 14 May 2019 / Accepted: 23 May 2019 / Published: 29 May 2019

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Abstract

Friction stir welding is a method of materials processing that enables the joining of similar and dissimilar materials. The process, as originally designed by The Welding Institute (TWI), provides a unique approach to manufacturing—where materials can be joined in many designs and still retain mechanical properties that are similar to, or greater than, other forms of welding. This process is not free of defects that can alter, limit, and occasionally render the resulting weld unusable. Most common amongst these defects are kissing bonds, wormholes and cracks that are often hidden from visual inspection. To identify these defects, various nondestructive testing methods are being used. This paper presents background to the process of friction stir welding and identifies major process parameters that affect the weld properties, the origin, and types of defects that can occur, and potential nondestructive methods for ex-situ detection and in-situ identification of these potential defects, which can then allow for corrective action to be taken.

Keywords: friction stir welding (FSW); defects; mechanical properties; nondestructive testing & evaluation (NDT&E); in-line monitoring

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MDPI and ACS Style

Taheri, H.; Kilpatrick, M.; Norvalls, M.; Harper, W.J.; Koester, L.W.; Bigelow, T.; Bond, L.J. Investigation of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Friction Stir Welding. Metals 2019, 9, 624. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060624

AMA Style

Taheri H, Kilpatrick M, Norvalls M, Harper WJ, Koester LW, Bigelow T, Bond LJ. Investigation of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Friction Stir Welding. Metals. 2019; 9(6):624. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060624

Chicago/Turabian Style

Taheri, Hossein, Margaret Kilpatrick, Matthew Norvalls, Warren J. Harper, Lucas W. Koester, Timothy Bigelow, and Leonard J. Bond. 2019. "Investigation of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Friction Stir Welding" Metals 9, no. 6: 624. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060624

APA Style

Taheri, H., Kilpatrick, M., Norvalls, M., Harper, W. J., Koester, L. W., Bigelow, T., & Bond, L. J. (2019). Investigation of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Friction Stir Welding. Metals, 9(6), 624. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9060624

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Investigation of Nondestructive Testing Methods for Friction Stir Welding

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