Research on Wind Load Characteristics on the Surface of a Towering Precast Television Tower with a Grid Structure Based on Large Eddy Simulation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Project Overview
2.1. Model Description
2.2. Measuring Points Arrangement
3. Numerical Simulation
3.1. Introduction of NSRFG
3.2. Validation of the NSRFG Method on the CAARC Standard Model
3.2.1. Computational Domain and Boundary Conditions
3.2.2. Solution Method and Meshing
3.2.3. Target Turbulence Characteristics
3.2.4. Simulation Results
3.3. LES of the Towering Precast TV Tower without a Building Envelope
4. Results and Discussions
4.1. Distribution of the Velocity Field
4.2. Local Wind Pressure Characteristics on the Outer Surface of the TV Tower with the Grid Structure
4.3. Power Spectral Densities of Fluctuating Wind Pressure at Typical Measuring Points
4.4. Wind Pressure Distribution Characteristics of the Inner and Outer Surfaces of the Grid Structure
4.5. Lift and Drag Coefficients for the TV Tower with a Grid Structure
4.6. Extreme Net Wind Pressure of the Grid Structure
4.7. Total Wind Load of the TV Tower with the Grid Structure
4.8. Influence of the Grid Structure on the Wind Load of the Core Tube
4.8.1. Wind Pressure Coefficients of the Core Tube with and without the Grid Structure
4.8.2. Wind Load of the Core Tube with and without the Grid Structure
5. Conclusions
- The mean wind pressure at the intersection of rods on the outer surface of the grid structure in the windward zone is higher than that on adjacent rods, while it is lower than that on adjacent rods in the leeward and flow separation zones.
- The grid structure decreases the mean wind pressures on the outer surface in the flow separation zones and the fluctuating wind pressures in the flow separation and leeward zones. However, the grid structure has little effect on the mean wind pressure in the windward and leeward zones and the fluctuating wind pressures in the windward zone.
- The absolute value of the net wind pressure is larger than the wind pressure on the outer surface in the windward positive pressure and leeward zones, while it is smaller than that in the flow separation zone. The net wind pressure coefficients of all measuring points approximately obey the Gaussian distribution. The extreme positive net wind pressure coefficient on the outer surface of the grid structure is 1.59, and the extreme negative value is −1.43.
- The resultant wind load forces and bending moments in the X and Y directions of the grid structure are relatively larger in the total wind load; they are generally greater than 70%, performing a controlling role in the wind load.
- The grid structure can reduce the absolute values of the mean wind pressures on the surface of the core tube shaded by the grid structure in the windward zone and the fluctuating wind pressures in the flow separation and leeward zones. The simulated absolute values of the mean shape coefficients of the octagonal cross-section buildings with the grid structure in the windward and leeward zones are, on average, 65.8% and 34.7% lower than the reference of the Chinese code, respectively, while they are 23% higher than the reference of the code in the separation zones.
- The resultant forces of the core tube with the grid structure in the X and Y directions are smaller than those without the grid structure, with a percentage reduction of 36.3% and 24.3%, respectively.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Boundary | Definition |
---|---|
Inlet | Velocity-inlet |
Outlet | Outflow |
The top surface of the computational domain | Symmetry |
The side surface of the computational domain | Symmetry |
The bottom surface of the computational domain | No-slip wall |
The surface of CAARC | No-slip wall |
Height (m) | Mean Velocity (m/s) | Turbulent Intensity (%) | Turbulence Integral Scale (m) |
---|---|---|---|
0.1524 | 10.381 | 24.00 | 0.480 |
0.3048 | 11.458 | 22.50 | 0.540 |
0.4572 | 12.061 | 21.00 | 0.550 |
0.6096 | 12.810 | 19.60 | 0.600 |
0.9144 | 13.647 | 16.90 | 0.630 |
1.2192 | 14.438 | 15.60 | 0.640 |
Parameters | Definitions |
---|---|
Mean velocity | , Uref = 12.061 m/s, zref = 0.4572 m, α = 0.16 |
Turbulence intensity | , , , , |
Turbulence integral scales | , |
Angle (°) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grid Structure (%) | Core Tube (%) | Grid Structure (%) | Core Tube (%) | Grid Structure (%) | Core Tube (%) | Grid Structure (%) | Core Tube (%) | |
0 | 83.5 | 16.5 | 53.2 | 46.8 | 84.8 | 15.2 | 81.0 | 19.0 |
15 | 82.6 | 17.4 | 79.4 | 20.6 | 68.4 | 31.6 | 81.1 | 18.9 |
30 | 82.3 | 17.7 | 83.8 | 16.2 | 82.1 | 17.9 | 80.9 | 19.1 |
45 | 83.1 | 16.9 | 83.0 | 17.0 | 81.5 | 18.5 | 80.3 | 19.7 |
60 | 105.0 | −5.0 | 76.4 | 23.6 | 71.8 | 28.2 | 113.6 | −13.6 |
75 | 70.1 | 29.9 | 84.0 | 16.0 | 81.9 | 18.1 | 61.7 | 38.3 |
90 | 15.7 | 84.3 | 83.3 | 16.7 | 80.1 | 19.9 | −58.1 | 158.1 |
Mean | 74.6 | 25.4 | 77.6 | 22.4 | 78.7 | 21.3 | 62.9 | 37.1 |
Measuring Point Number | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0° | 0.35 | −0.16 | −0.94 | −0.36 | −0.27 | −0.40 | −0.95 | −0.09 |
45° | 0.36 | −0.17 | −0.83 | −0.36 | −0.26 | −0.40 | −0.85 | −0.08 |
90° | 0.32 | −0.13 | −0.82 | −0.32 | −0.26 | −0.32 | −0.74 | −0.11 |
Mean | 0.34 | −0.15 | −0.86 | −0.34 | −0.27 | −0.37 | −0.86 | −0.09 |
Code | 0.80 | 0.40 | −0.70 | −0.50 | −0.50 | −0.50 | −0.70 | 0.40 |
Percentage reduction | 57.5% | 137.5% | −22.9% | 32.0% | 46.0% | 26.0% | −22.9% | 122.5% |
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Wu, P.; Chen, G.; Feng, R.; He, F. Research on Wind Load Characteristics on the Surface of a Towering Precast Television Tower with a Grid Structure Based on Large Eddy Simulation. Buildings 2022, 12, 1428. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091428
Wu P, Chen G, Feng R, He F. Research on Wind Load Characteristics on the Surface of a Towering Precast Television Tower with a Grid Structure Based on Large Eddy Simulation. Buildings. 2022; 12(9):1428. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091428
Chicago/Turabian StyleWu, Peng, Gang Chen, Ruoqiang Feng, and Fujiangshan He. 2022. "Research on Wind Load Characteristics on the Surface of a Towering Precast Television Tower with a Grid Structure Based on Large Eddy Simulation" Buildings 12, no. 9: 1428. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091428