Mechanical Properties of SMA/PVA-ECC under Uniaxial Tensile Loading
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Design
2.1. Material Properties
2.1.1. Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC)
2.1.2. Shape Memory Alloys
2.2. SMA/PVA-ECC Specimen Design and Production
2.2.1. Specimen Design
2.2.2. Specimen Production
2.3. Test Loading Scheme
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Failure Behavior
3.2. Stress–Strain Curve
3.2.1. Comparative Analysis of ECC and SMA/PVA-ECC Specimens
3.2.2. Factors Affecting SMA/PVA-ECC Specimens
- SMA fiber content
- SMA fiber diameter
3.3. Analysis of Test Characteristic Parameters
3.4. SMA Fiber Strain Analysis
3.5. Tensile Constitutive Model
4. Conclusions
- (1)
- The knotted SMA fibers exhibit good anchoring performance with ECC, as well as good superelastic characteristics. After unloading, the micro-cracks in the SMA/PVA-ECC specimens are effectively closed, and the residual width of the main crack is significantly reduced.
- (2)
- The stress–strain curve of SMA/PVA-ECC exhibits a three-stage development process and obvious strain-hardening characteristics. The addition of SMA fibers improves the initial cracking strength and some ultimate strength of the composite specimens. After reaching the peak stress, the stress degradation of SMA/PVA-ECC is slower than that of ECC specimens, but most of the ultimate strains are lower than that of ECC.
- (3)
- The diameter and content of SMA fibers have a significant effect on the tensile properties of SMA/PVA-ECC. The smaller the diameter and content of the fiber, the better the tensile performance of the specimen. When the content of large-diameter fibers is moderate, the tensile performance of the specimen is the best. At low content, the tensile performance of small-diameter fiber specimens is better, and when exceeding a certain content, the tensile performance of medium-diameter fiber specimens is the best. Among them, the specimen with a fiber diameter of 0.2 mm and a content of 0.2% has the best comprehensive tensile performance, with an increase in initial cracking strength, ultimate strength, and strain of 56.4%, 23.6% and 13.4%, respectively, compared with ECC specimens.
- (4)
- The bilinear hardening model used in this study can well reflect the tensile stress–strain relationship of SMAF-ECC composite materials.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Raw Material | Cement | Fly Ash | Silica Sand | Water | Water Reducer | PVA/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mix proportion | 1.0 | 4.0 | 0.20 | 0.22 | 0.0079 | 2% * |
Specimen Number | SMA Diameter/mm | SMA Volume Content/% | PVA Volume Content/% | Number of Specimens |
---|---|---|---|---|
ECC | - | - | 2 | 3 |
S-0.2-0.2 | 0.2 | 2 | 3 | |
S-0.2-0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 2 | 3 |
S-0.2-0.4 | 0.4 | 2 | 3 | |
S-0.5-0.2 | 0.2 | 2 | 3 | |
S-0.5-0.3 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 2 | 3 |
S-0.5-0.4 | 0.4 | 2 | 3 | |
S-1.0-0.2 | 0.2 | 2 | 3 | |
S-1.0-0.3 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 2 | 3 |
S-1.0-0.4 | 0.4 | 2 | 3 |
Specimen Number | Main Crack Width/mm | Residual Crack Width/mm |
---|---|---|
S-0.2-0.2 | 2.44 | 0.34 |
S-0.5-0.2 | 2.72 | 0.43 |
S-1.0-0.2 | 3.14 | 0.47 |
Number | Cracking Strength/MPa | Cracking Strain/% | Tensile Strength/MPa | Tensile Strain/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
ECC | 2.04 | 0.26 | 4.24 | 5.23 |
S-0.2-0.2 | 3.19 | 0.33 | 5.24 | 5.93 |
S-0.2-0.3 | 3.15 | 0.56 | 4.30 | 4.01 |
S-0.2-0.4 | 3.57 | 0.48 | 4.68 | 3.83 |
S-0.5-0.2 | 2.71 | 0.32 | 3.43 | 3.56 |
S-0.5-0.3 | 2.35 | 0.23 | 4.09 | 4.10 |
S-0.5-0.4 | 2.05 | 0.21 | 4.88 | 4.89 |
S-1.0-0.2 | 2.07 | 0.47 | 3.36 | 3.83 |
S-1.0-0.3 | 2.23 | 0.14 | 3.81 | 4.32 |
S-1.0-0.4 | 2.39 | 0.23 | 3.31 | 3.91 |
Specimen Number | Main Crack Width/mm | Strain of SMA Fiber/% |
---|---|---|
S-0.2-0.2 (0.3, 0.4) | 2.44 | 6.1% |
S-0.5-0.2 (0.3, 0.4) | 2.72 | 6.8% |
S-1.0-0.2 (0.3, 0.4) | 3.14 | 7.9% |
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Yang, Z.; Li, J.; Zhong, Y.; Qi, X. Mechanical Properties of SMA/PVA-ECC under Uniaxial Tensile Loading. Buildings 2023, 13, 2116. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13082116
Yang Z, Li J, Zhong Y, Qi X. Mechanical Properties of SMA/PVA-ECC under Uniaxial Tensile Loading. Buildings. 2023; 13(8):2116. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13082116
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang, Zhao, Jiankun Li, Yilan Zhong, and Xiaolong Qi. 2023. "Mechanical Properties of SMA/PVA-ECC under Uniaxial Tensile Loading" Buildings 13, no. 8: 2116. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13082116