Effects of Shear Characteristics of Anchoring Interface on Bearing Performance of Fully Grouted Bolts Based on Variable Controlling Method
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Numerical Methodology
2.1. Realization of Mechanical Behavior of Anchorage Interface
2.2. Model Verification
2.3. Pullout Calculation Model and Scheme Design
3. Parameters Analysis
3.1. Displacement at Peak Bonding Stress
3.1.1. Bearing Properties Characteristic
3.1.2. Energy Absorption Characteristic
3.1.3. Stress Evolution Characteristic
3.2. Residual Bonding Stress
3.2.1. Bearing Properties Characteristic
3.2.2. Energy Absorption Characteristic
3.2.3. Stress Evolution Characteristic
3.3. Displacement at Residual Bonding Stress
3.3.1. Bearing Properties Characteristic
3.3.2. Energy Absorption Characteristic
3.3.3. Stress Evolution Characteristic
4. Discussion
4.1. Effects on Bearing Characteristics
4.2. Thoughts on the Design of Bolt Support
- (1)
- The shear strength parameters of the anchoring interface have a great influence on the design of bolt support. It is inappropriate to only use the peak shear stress of the anchoring interface for bolt support design, which often overestimates the bearing performance of the anchoring system and brings hidden dangers to roadway safety. Therefore, the shear strength parameters of the anchoring interface must be fully considered when designing bolt support.
- (2)
- Improving the post-peak characteristics of the bond-slip model of the anchoring interface can significantly increase the bearing performance of the anchoring system. Therefore, when designing bolt supports, materials such as gravel or steel fibers can be added to the agent grout [53,54,55], or the roughness of the anchoring interface can be increased to strengthen the shear behavior of the anchoring interface and improve the shear strength parameters of the anchoring interface, thereby enhancing the durability of the anchoring system.
- (3)
- The bearing process of the anchoring system is the process of energy dissipation at the anchoring interface. Combined with the bond-slip model of the anchoring interface, the energy dissipation ratio of the anchoring interface is defined in this study. The energy dissipation ratio of the anchoring interface is the ratio of softening energy to elastic energy during the bearing process of the anchoring interface (), as shown in Figure 22.
5. Conclusions
- (1)
- The displacement at the peak shear stress will significantly affect the pullout bearing process of fully grouted bolts. With the increase in the displacement at the peak shear stress, the bearing capacity of fully grouted bolts gradually decreases, the energy absorption also decreases and the response rate of the fully grouted anchoring system to external loads weakens. However, the ability of the fully grouted anchoring system to resist failure increases with the increase in the displacement at the peak shear stress, and the durability of the fully grouted anchoring system increases.
- (2)
- The residual shear stress has a great influence on the pullout bearing performance of fully grouted bolts. With the increase in the residual shear stress, the bearing capacity and deformation capacity of fully grouted bolts increase, and the energy absorption also increases. Meanwhile, the increase in residual shear stress gives fully grouted bolts higher residual bearing capacity, which helps the fully grouted anchoring system to better withstand external loads.
- (3)
- With the increase in the displacement at the residual shear stress, the bearing capacity and deformation capacity of fully grouted bolts show an increasing trend, and the energy absorption of fully grouted bolts also increases. The increase in displacement at the residual shear stress enhances the durability of the fully grouted anchoring system, which is beneficial to fully grouted bolts to better exert the support performance.
- (4)
- The shear strength parameters of the anchoring interface will significantly affect the pullout bearing performance of fully grouted bolts. Therefore, when designing bolt support, in addition to considering the peak shear stress of the anchoring interface, it is also necessary to fully consider the post-peak shear strength parameters of the anchoring interface to avoid overestimating or underestimating the bearing capacity of the anchoring system. Meanwhile, measures can be taken to strengthen the post-peak bearing characteristics of the anchoring interface, which is beneficial to the bearing performance of the anchoring system.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type | Parameters | Values |
---|---|---|
Bolt | Perimeter (m) | 9.42 × 10−2 |
Cross-sectional area (m2) | 3.14 × 10−4 | |
Elastic modulus (Pa) | 2.00 × 1011 | |
Poisson’s ratio | 0.25 | |
Tensile yield strength (N) | 5.00 × 1011 | |
Rock | Elastic bulk modulus (Pa) | 5.00 × 109 |
Elastic shear modulus (Pa) | 3.00 × 109 | |
Density (kg/m3) | 2.80 × 103 |
Variable | Number | Value | Image |
---|---|---|---|
(mm) | A1 | 4.625 | |
A2 | 9.250 | ||
A3 | 13.875 | ||
A4 | 18.500 | ||
A5 | 23.125 | ||
(MPa) | B1 | 2.0 | |
B2 | 4.0 | ||
B3 | 6.0 | ||
B4 | 8.0 | ||
B5 | 10.0 | ||
(mm) | C1 | 20.0 | |
C2 | 23.0 | ||
C3 | 26.0 | ||
C4 | 29.0 | ||
C5 | 32.0 |
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Du, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Feng, G.; He, L.; Zhang, X. Effects of Shear Characteristics of Anchoring Interface on Bearing Performance of Fully Grouted Bolts Based on Variable Controlling Method. Buildings 2024, 14, 874. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14040874
Du Y, Zhang Y, Feng G, He L, Zhang X. Effects of Shear Characteristics of Anchoring Interface on Bearing Performance of Fully Grouted Bolts Based on Variable Controlling Method. Buildings. 2024; 14(4):874. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14040874
Chicago/Turabian StyleDu, Yunlou, Yujiang Zhang, Guorui Feng, Lujin He, and Xihong Zhang. 2024. "Effects of Shear Characteristics of Anchoring Interface on Bearing Performance of Fully Grouted Bolts Based on Variable Controlling Method" Buildings 14, no. 4: 874. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14040874