Design and Verification of Experimental Device for Pressurized Bubbling Absorption and Transport Characteristics in Vacuum Environment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Apparatus
2.1. System Structure
- (1)
- The steam pressurization system primarily consists of a variable frequency booster pump, vacuum pump, steam generator, flow control valve, and check valve. The system is utilized to provide the necessary steam for the experiment while ensuring a suitable flow rate. To overcome the resistance caused by hydraulic head and flow, the system employs a variable frequency booster pump to generate the required pressure for water vapor, thereby ensuring the generation and upward movement of bubbles, as depicted in Figure 3. The steam generator incorporates an electric heating function, enabling the heating, boiling, and vaporization of distilled water under low pressure, producing water vapor. The check valve serves as a precaution against liquid backflow and helps maintain pressure equilibrium within the system.
- (2)
- The solution system comprises several components: a concentrated solution storage tank, a dilute solution storage tank, a solution pump, a constant temperature and pressure tank, a flow control valve, and pipelines. These components are utilized for storing, generating, and circulating concentrated and dilute solutions, while ensuring the smooth absorption of the solution into the bubble absorber at a specific temperature. The lower part of the concentrated solution storage tank is equipped with an inlet to draw in the solution using the vacuum pressure of the system. The outlet is connected to the constant temperature and pressure tank, and a steam system is linked to the pipeline above. The constant temperature and pressure tank maintain a steady temperature and the pressure of the water vapor entering the bubble absorber.
- (3)
- The bubble absorber encompasses a visual bubble absorber, consisting of a cylindrical glass jacket and a high-speed camera, as well as a visual bubble absorber, constructed with a cylindrical double-layer copper jacket and a temperature sensor. The visual bubble absorber aids in determining the flow characteristics of bubbles during solution absorption, while the non-visual bubble absorber helps in assessing the heat and mass transfer properties. Both absorbers are connected to a sampling port for convenient testing of solution concentration.
- (4)
- The cooling water system comprises a constant temperature circulation water bath, a flow control valve, valves, and pipelines. The constant temperature circulation water bath supplies cooling water to the bubble absorber and acts as a consistent heat source for the concentrated solution storage tank.
- (5)
- The experimental data testing and analysis system incorporates various instruments, including thermocouples, pressure sensors, flow meters, density analyzers, high-speed cameras, data acquisition devices, and computers. The material parameters of the experimental setup are listed in Table 1, while the instrument parameters used are outlined in Table 2.
2.2. System Operation
3. System Reliability
4. System Accuracy Validation
4.1. Bubble Flow Verification
4.2. Heat Transfer Verification
4.3. Energy Conservation Verification
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Instrument | Model Number | Range | Precision | Remark |
---|---|---|---|---|
Solution pump | AQG-24-silicone tube | 480 mL/min | 2% | -- |
Variable frequency booster pump | V60L-JJ-24V | 18 L/min | -- | ΔP ≥ −88 kPa |
Vacuum pump | ROAIRVAC9.0 | 4 L | -- | -- |
Thermal insulation material | Polyethylene insulation material | -- | -- | -- |
Bubble absorber | Visualization | Material: glass; nozzle diameter: 4 mm; pipe diameter: 30 mm; pipe length: 1.2 m | ||
Non-visualization | Material: copper; nozzle diameter: 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm; inner pipe diameter: 30 mm; outer pipe diameter: 40 mm; pipe length: 1.2 m |
Instrument | Model Number | Range | Precision | Remark |
---|---|---|---|---|
Solution flowmeter | NKGF02F1L1 | 0.6~6 L/H | ±0.5%FS | -- |
Gas flowmeter | MF5000 | 0~50 L/min | ±1.5%FS | -- |
Cooling water flowmeter | NKGF02F1L1 | 0.6~6 L/H | ±0.5%FS | -- |
Pressure sensor | PT-8303B | 0~150 kPa | ±0.5%FS | -- |
Thermoelectric couple | SWT-KPS-NI600-T1-20-2000 | −200~300 °C | ±0.5 °C | -- |
Densitometer | KEM WBA-505 | 0~3 g/cm3 | ±0.00005 g/cm3 | -- |
High speed camera | Phantom Ametek V211 | -- | -- | -- |
Data acquisition instrument | Keysight 34901A | -- | -- | -- |
Experimental Conditions Parameters | Numerical Value | |
---|---|---|
Liquor | Inlet temperature | 35~40 °C |
Inlet flow rate | 10~50 L/h | |
Cooling water | Inlet temperature | 20 °C |
Inlet flow rate | 0.0143 L/h | |
Other | Nozzle diameter | 2~6 mm |
Steam inlet velocity | 2 m/s | |
Pressure ratio | 1.1 |
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Gao, J.; Wang, G.; Li, J.; Cui, X.; Xiong, Y.; Lü, X.; Zhang, X. Design and Verification of Experimental Device for Pressurized Bubbling Absorption and Transport Characteristics in Vacuum Environment. Buildings 2024, 14, 1685. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061685
Gao J, Wang G, Li J, Cui X, Xiong Y, Lü X, Zhang X. Design and Verification of Experimental Device for Pressurized Bubbling Absorption and Transport Characteristics in Vacuum Environment. Buildings. 2024; 14(6):1685. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061685
Chicago/Turabian StyleGao, Jialiang, Gang Wang, Jitong Li, Xiaoyan Cui, Yaxuan Xiong, Xiaoshu Lü, and Xuejing Zhang. 2024. "Design and Verification of Experimental Device for Pressurized Bubbling Absorption and Transport Characteristics in Vacuum Environment" Buildings 14, no. 6: 1685. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061685