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Peer-Review Record

The Structural Effectivity of Bent Piles in Ammatoan Vernacular Houses

Buildings 2019, 9(2), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings9020042

by Wasilah Wasilah

Reviewer 1: Anonymous

Reviewer 2: Anonymous

Reviewer 3:

Rosario Montuori

Buildings 2019, 9(2), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings9020042

Submission received: 30 December 2018 / Revised: 1 February 2019 / Accepted: 2 February 2019 / Published: 10 February 2019

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Responsive Architecture)

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

The paper is aimed at investigating the structural performance of Ammatoa vernacular houses / building systems. The work could be suitable to be published in Buildings J, however is almost incomplete, scientifically not so relevant and a resubmission must be done before being reviewed again.

It should be rejected in the present form.

The following recommendations/clarifications should be considered for the next submission:

· The abstract is almost not useful, only few lines provide what is the main content of the paper and the adopted research purpose of this article. Please rewrite the abstract to explain in a concise way the main paper contents, its contribution in the field, research methodology and the key results.

· The introduction section is also very poor and does not account completely the state of the art on the topic presented in this paper. The number of analyzed works from bibliography are only few (some of them are cited, like Wiryomartono, 1976, and not listed in the bibliography section) and should reach at least 20-25 papers (preferably published in the last 5-10 years).

· Furthermore, in section 1, after the State of the Art, the Authors did not clarify what are the key novelties of this paper and the main contributions of this work beyond the current SoA.

· Very simple analyses were done in SAP2000 showing simple numerical results in terms of structural loads, Fmax plots, etc. This is not acceptable for a Journal paper / research paper. What is the key contribution beyond the current state of the art.

· All the input data, assumed boundary conditions, load cases, element types and numbers, etc. were omitted or should be better organizes and explained.

· The conclusion did not reflect the paper contents and results.

As final comment, the Reviewer strongly recommends to improve the paper since its quality is too low, scientifically poor and not suitable to be published in a Journal paper.

Author Response

The abstract has been rewritten according to the rules, namely to explain in a concise way the main paper contents, its contribution in the field, research methodology and the key results.

The introduction section has been added and presented the state of the art on the topic.

The number of analyzed works from bibliography has been added to all article chapters. The number of analyzed works from bibliography has been added to all article chapters. one of them is "These buildings are the principle of mappasituppu (Hartawan et. al., 2015), which is a specific location for each pile. structural system has a primary one in Kajang, and can support ammunition vernacular houses - as well as various activities within - for over 100 years." in line 21-26 at the chapter introduction

After the State of the Art, the Authors did not clarify what are the key novelties of this paper and the main contributions of this work. - The clarification of the novelties in this paper and the main contributions of this work has been included in the last paragraph of the chapter introduction. "As such, previous studies of Ammatoan houses have focused primarily on the integration of Ammatoan cultural values in their architecture. This study seeks to enrich these studies by examining the specific structural strength of these buildings. In the face of modernization and extreme climate change, the continued existence of such traditional houses has been threatened. Disaster may strike at any time, and as such we must explore the structural strength of their structures to predict these buildings' ability to endure such events.The key contribution is recognize the specific structural strength of the vernacular houses of ammonia in modernization and extreme climate change as a basis for consideration in building similar house buildings in South Sulawesi."

The value of the results of the analysis has been added to the chapter result. "Output analysis shows the following advanced solver:

a) Number of joints = 105

b) Number of frame/cable/tendon elements = 188

c) Number of shell elements = 24

d) Number of load patterns = 3

e) Number of acceleration load = 6

f) Number of load cases = 5

Stiffness At Zero (Unstressed) Initial Conditions

a) Number of stiffness degrees of freedom = 510

b) Number of mass degrees of freedom = 255

c) Maximum number of eigen modes sought = 12

d) Minimum number of eigen modes sought = 1

e) Number of residual-mass modes sought = 0

f) Number of subspace vectors used = 24

g) Relative convergence tolerance = 1.00e-09

h) Found mode 1 of 12: EV= 1.7944866E+03, f=6.742023, T=0.148323

i) Found mode 2 of 12: EV=2.9935333E+03, f=8.707875, T=0.114839

j) Found mode 3 of 12: EV=4.3114325E+03, f=10.450352, T=0.095691

k) Found mode 4 of 12: EV=4.3642055E+03, f=10.514115, T=0.095110

l) Found mode 5 of 12: EV=5.4550936E+03, f=11.754962, T=0.085070

m) Found mode 6 of 12: EV=6.8357308E+03, f=13.158689, T=0.075995

n) Found mode 7 of 12: EV=7.0710202E+03, f=13.383237, T=0.074720

o) Found mode 8 of 12: EV=7.3839175E+03, f=13.676140, T=0.073120

p) Found mode 9 of 12: EV=7.4417295E+03, f=13.729574, T=0.072835

q) Found mode 10 of 12: EV=7.5363680E+03, f=13.816600, T=0.072377

r) Found mode 11 of 12: EV=2.5618453E+04, f=25.473967, T=0.039256

Found mode 12 of 12: EV=3.2740592E+04, f=28.798071, T=0.034725"

6. The key contribution is recognize the specific structural strength of the vernacular houses of ammonia in modernization and extreme climate change as a basis for consideration in building similar house buildings in South Sulawesi

7. All the input data has been presented in the in line 18 of research method. "Bitti wood is classified as Class II in terms of durability (Forest Botanical Departments, 1972), and has an elastic modulus of 100,000 kg / cm2 (Wiryomartono, 1976). The volume structure application complies with the terms of the Procedure for Planning the Wood Structures of Buildings (1987) .The wind load is 40 kg / m², the live load is 200 kg / m², and the wood volume is 1000 kg / m3. This information was input into the SAP2000 model."

8. Conclusions have been adjusted to the paper contents and results.

A natural understanding of building materials can be combined with traditional expertise to present a structurally sound construction that is also environmentally conscious.

Testing for structural strength applied an assumption of equal pile pitch. However, each Ammatoan house has a different level of pitch. Therefore, measurement results cannot be generalized to describe the structural strength of every house in Kajang; rather, the results are only applicable to the sample used in this research.

The natural forms and characteristics of tree trunks has led to wood becoming a main building material, a joint system, and a foundation system, and significantly determined the structural strength of Ammatoan stilt houses. Moreover, the pin joint system, grounded foundation, and selection of piles are primary factors in the success of Ammatoan architecture.

Thank You

Reviewer 2 Report

The paper can be of interest for researchers, but needs large revisions before considering its publication. The revised document will be certainly suitable to be included in Buildings.

Please refer to the recommendations listed below:

the paper structure and content presentation must be fully revised and rearranged. The case study should be first clearly presented, and then the FE simulations introduced. Actually,it is mostly the opposite.

FE model: input features of SAP2000 model should be better described. Type of elements, mesh size, boundaries, inter-storey floors, loads, etc

material properties are taken from design standards: how the presented results can be sensitive to even minor variations of the real mechanical properties of materials, with respect to their nominal values?

joints and boundaries have a key role for the examined structure. Did the Authors try to run local FE simulations of joints, based on refined solid models? Please comment and cite: https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001065

and

https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings8080099

Shear Performance Assessment of Timber Log-House Walls under In-Plane Lateral Loads via Numerical and Analytical Modelling

Author Response

The case study has been presented in line 21 of introduction section, and then the FE simulations introduced in research method

FE model has been described in research method. An explanation of the FE model used as the input value in the SAP200 program analysis method is presented in the form of structured narratives in one paragraph.

Design standards of material properties have been presented in the last two paragraphs of the research method, namely "Bitti wood classified as Class II in terms of durability (Forest Botanical Departments, 1972), and has an elastic modulus of 100,000 kg / cm2. (Wiryomartono, 1976) The volume structure of the application complies with the terms of the Procedure for Planning the Wood Structures of Buildings (1987) .The wind load is 40 kg / m², the live load is 200 kg / m², and the wood volume is 1000 kg / m3. This information was input into the SAP2000 model."

Did the Authors try to run local FE simulations of joints, based on refined solid models? - Yes, analysis results of run local FE simulations of joints, based on refined solid models found on line 22 in the result. "Output analysis shows the following advanced solver: