Intelligent Mechanisms of Macrophage Apoptosis Subversion by Mycobacterium
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Anti-Apoptotic Determinants of Mycobacterium
3. Mycobacterium Thwarts Macrophage Apoptosis by Inducing Anti-Apoptotic Cytokines
4. Mtb can Suppress Apoptosis by Regulating microRNAs Expression
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Effector | Cell Model | Mechanisms | Outcome | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
ManLAM | B10R | Blocks Ca+2 influx to the cells. | Inhibition of caspase-1 cleavage, alter mitochondrial membrane permeability and upregulate Bcl-2 | Rojas et al., 2000 |
LAM | THP-1 | Activation of PI3K signaling | Suppression of Bad | Maiti et al., 2001 |
PtpA | THP-1 | Dephosphorylation of GSK3 | Inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage | Poirier et al., 2014 |
U937 | Suppress ubiquitin ligase activity of the TRIM protein | Inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage | Wang et al., 2016 | |
MptpA | RAW264.7 | Reduction of P53 levels | Inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage | Fan et al., 2018 |
PknE | THP-1 | Phosphorylation of Akt | Inhibition of Bad | Kumar and Narayanan et al., 2012 |
Inhibit the expression of pro-apoptotic factors, including P53, TNF-α and Bax | Inhibition of caspase-3 activation | |||
Promote the anti-apoptotic factor Mcl-1 expression | Block Bax mitochondrial translocation | |||
NuoG | THP-1 and BMDM | Blocks of NADPH oxidase mediating ROS production | Inhibition of TNF-α production | Miller et al., 2010 |
Ndk | RAW264.7 | Inhibit NOX2 assembly and ROS production | Inhibition of caspase-3 activation | Sun et al., 2013 |
Icl | RAW264.7 | Unknown | Unknown | Li et al., 2008 |
PE_PGRS62 | THP-1 | Suppression of pro-apoptotic stress-response genes expressions such as CHOP and GRP78/Bip | Inhibit endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response | Long et al., 2019 |
PE_PGRS41 | THP-1 | Uncertain | Reduction the cleavage level of caspase 3 and 9 | Deng et al., 2017 |
PE_PGRS18 | THP-1 | Unknown | Unknown | Yang et al., 2017 |
Rv3654c Rv3655c | U937 | Degrade the polypyrimidine tract binding PSF | Suppression of caspase-8 activation | Danelishvili et al., 2010 |
Rv3033 | RAW264.7 and murine BMDM | Abolish translocation of Bax into mitochondria and cytochrome c into cytoplasm | Suppression of caspase-9 activation | Zhang et al., 2018 |
Rv3365c | U937 | Inhibit serine cathepsin G | Suppression of caspase-1 | Danelishvili et al., 2012 |
Eis | Murine BMDM | Block the JNK signaling | Inhibition of ROS production | Shin et al., 2010 |
SigH | Rh-BMDM | Promote prostaglandin synthetase-2 expression | Inhibition P53 dependent pathway | Dutta et al., 2012 |
AcpM | Murine BMDM | Suppress JNK signaling | Reduction of ROS production | Paik et al., 2019 |
LpqT | RAW264.7 | Antagonized TLR-2 signaling | Inhibition of caspase-3 cleavage | Li et al., 2018 |
EspR | RAW264.7 | Block TLR signaling | Inhibition of caspase-8 and 3 cleavage | Jin et al., 2019 |
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Abdalla, A.E.; Ejaz, H.; Mahjoob, M.O.; Alameen, A.A.M.; Abosalif, K.O.A.; Elamir, M.Y.M.; Mousa, M.A. Intelligent Mechanisms of Macrophage Apoptosis Subversion by Mycobacterium. Pathogens 2020, 9, 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9030218
Abdalla AE, Ejaz H, Mahjoob MO, Alameen AAM, Abosalif KOA, Elamir MYM, Mousa MA. Intelligent Mechanisms of Macrophage Apoptosis Subversion by Mycobacterium. Pathogens. 2020; 9(3):218. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9030218
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdalla, Abualgasim Elgaili, Hasan Ejaz, Mahjoob Osman Mahjoob, Ayman Ali Mohammed Alameen, Khalid Omer Abdalla Abosalif, Mohammed Yagoub Mohammed Elamir, and Mohammed Alsadig Mousa. 2020. "Intelligent Mechanisms of Macrophage Apoptosis Subversion by Mycobacterium" Pathogens 9, no. 3: 218. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9030218