Highly Sensitive Virome Characterization of Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens Complex from Central Europe and the Caribbean Reveals Potential for Interspecies Viral Transmission
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
2.1. Mosquito Collection and Taxonomic Identification
2.2. Sample Preparation—Virus Purification and Enrichment Protocol (VIPEP)
2.3. Illumina Library Preparation and Sequencing
2.4. Bioinformatic Analysis
2.5. Phylogenetic Analysis
2.6. Virus-Specific Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCRs)
3. Results
3.1. Highly Sensitive Virome Characterization
3.2. Influence of the Environment on the Mosquito Virome
3.3. The Mosquito Virome is Comprised of Viruses from A Wide Diversity of Hosts
3.4. Mosquito-Specific Viruses form the Core Group of the Mosquito Virome
3.5. Validation of Metagenomic Results
3.6. Novel Viruses Were Mostly CRESS-DNA Viruses
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Thannesberger, J.; Rascovan, N.; Eisenmann, A.; Klymiuk, I.; Zittra, C.; Fuehrer, H.-P.; Scantlebury-Manning, T.; Gittens-St.Hilaire, M.; Austin, S.; Landis, R.C.; et al. Highly Sensitive Virome Characterization of Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens Complex from Central Europe and the Caribbean Reveals Potential for Interspecies Viral Transmission. Pathogens 2020, 9, 686. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9090686
Thannesberger J, Rascovan N, Eisenmann A, Klymiuk I, Zittra C, Fuehrer H-P, Scantlebury-Manning T, Gittens-St.Hilaire M, Austin S, Landis RC, et al. Highly Sensitive Virome Characterization of Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens Complex from Central Europe and the Caribbean Reveals Potential for Interspecies Viral Transmission. Pathogens. 2020; 9(9):686. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9090686
Chicago/Turabian StyleThannesberger, Jakob, Nicolas Rascovan, Anna Eisenmann, Ingeborg Klymiuk, Carina Zittra, Hans-Peter Fuehrer, Thea Scantlebury-Manning, Marquita Gittens-St.Hilaire, Shane Austin, Robert Clive Landis, and et al. 2020. "Highly Sensitive Virome Characterization of Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens Complex from Central Europe and the Caribbean Reveals Potential for Interspecies Viral Transmission" Pathogens 9, no. 9: 686. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9090686