Coexistence of Diversified Dog Socialities and Territorialities in the City of Concepción, Chile
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Background: Research on Forms of Canine Territoriality
1.2. Emergence of the Various Categories of Domestic Dogs
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- restricted dogs, which are totally dependent upon people: all their essential needs are intentionally met by humans, who also restrict their movement;
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- family dogs, which have owners on whom they depend, although they may be free to roam. Their reproduction is supervised by humans;
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- stray dogs, which include dogs living in a human-dominated context. This is a heterogeneous group: it includes dogs that still have a social bond with humans, possibly abandoned or born in human settings, and which tend to associate food with particular households [29,30], even when the homeowners claim that the dogs do not belong to them (Type I) [31] and dogs that exhibit varying degrees of fear/tolerance toward humans (Type II). These dogs are attracted to human settings by the availability of food and shelter, regardless of whether these resources are intentionally provided by humans or just casually associated with them. They have close proximity to humans, and beg from them rather than scavenging [32]. These two types of stray dogs, with two possible levels of relationship toward humans, are sometimes referred to as village dogs [31,33]. They are found roaming in many of the large cities of the Mediterranean basin (Istanbul, Alexandria);
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2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
3.1. Plaza Perú and Adjacent Areas
3.1.1. Dogs Adapt Their Territory to the City
3.1.2. Passages, Boundaries and Landmarks of the Urban Canine Territory
3.2. Snoopy from Yugoslavia Street in Hualpén
3.2.1. The Street Dog’s Domestic Neighborhood
3.2.2. The Dog as a Component of the Neighborhood’s Identity
4. Discussion
4.1. Diverse Adaptations of Dogs to Diverse Urban Morphologies
4.2. The City as Life Learning: Territorialities
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix C
Appendix D
- Here is a typical instance of dogs following pedestrians to use a crosswalk. [accessed on 21 December 2019]
- In this video, it is not possible to determine how the dog crosses the crosswalk. [accessed on 21 December 2019]
- This video shows that the dog uses a bridge to cross the street, as there is no crosswalk. [accessed on 21 December 2019]
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Category of Canis Familiaris | Number of Dogs, Location(s) and Behavioral Main Characteristics | |
---|---|---|
₊ | Pet dog (Family dog) | 36 dogs living at home with their owner (leashed) |
♦ | Beggar’s dog (Family dog) | 1 dog living unleashed with its beggar owner in the street |
★ | Abandoned dog (Family dog) | 1/week |
■ | Guard dog (Restricted dog) | 25 dogs in gardens that barked at people and other dogs 5 leashed dogs owned by security guards on the university campus 4 unleashed dogs in Plaza Perú owned by a night watchman |
● | Free-roaming pet dog (Family dog) | 1 pet dog that had an owner but wandered around the neighborhood all day long (Cachupín) 1 old basset pet dog that had an owner and wandered around the neighborhood all day long (Napoleon) |
Not in Figure 4/in Hualpen | Pet-stray dog (Stray dogs) | 1 stray dog that belonged to a street and exhibited pet dog behaviors (multiple neighborhood caretakers) (Snoopy) |
* | Familiar stray dog in a pack (Stray dogs) | 5 packs of 3 individuals, including Sir Perro |
| Aggressive stray dog in pack (Stray dogs) | 2 packs of 5 individuals that barked at people and other dogs and bit them, as though defending the area around the library |
| Feral dog (Feral dogs) | 4 in woods (fully solitary) |
Total number of individuals | 103 |
Time of Day | Typical Daily Activities of the Familiar Stray Dogs |
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Morning |
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Midday |
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Afternoon |
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Nightfall |
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Listed Categories of Dogs in the Literature | New/Additional Categories of Dogs Evidenced | |
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Restricted dog | Guard dog | |
Family dog | Pet dog | |
Beggar’s dog | ||
Abandoned dog | ||
Free-roaming pet dog (Cachupín) | ||
Stray dog | Pet-stray dog (Snoopy) | |
Familiar stray dog in a pack (quiltros) | ||
Aggressive stray dog | ||
Feral dog |
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Capellà Miternique, H.; Gaunet, F. Coexistence of Diversified Dog Socialities and Territorialities in the City of Concepción, Chile. Animals 2020, 10, 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020298
Capellà Miternique H, Gaunet F. Coexistence of Diversified Dog Socialities and Territorialities in the City of Concepción, Chile. Animals. 2020; 10(2):298. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020298
Chicago/Turabian StyleCapellà Miternique, Hugo, and Florence Gaunet. 2020. "Coexistence of Diversified Dog Socialities and Territorialities in the City of Concepción, Chile" Animals 10, no. 2: 298. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020298