Effects of Colonization, Geography and Environment on Genetic Divergence in the Intermediate Leaf-Nosed Bat, Hipposideros larvatus
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Material and Methods
Sampling Collection
3. Genetic Data Collection
3.1. DNA Extraction and Sequencing
3.2. Genetic Analyses
3.3. Phylogenetic Analyses
3.4. Tests for IBD, IBA and IBC
4. Results
4.1. Mitochondrial Genetic Analyses
4.2. Microsatellite Genetic Analyses
4.3. Tests for IBD, IBA and IBC
5. Discussion
5.1. Phylogeographic History of H. Larvatus
5.2. Drives of Genetic Variation in H. Larvatus
6. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Abbrev. | Locality | N | cytb | CR | nSSR | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hap | h | π (%) | Hap | h | π (%) | A | AR | Ho | He | |||
GD1 | Yangchun, Guangdong Province | 7 | 2 | 0.286 | 0.025 | 4 | 0.714 | 0.242 | 6.83 | 4.972 | 0.643 | 0.811 |
GD2 | Shaoguan, Guangdong Province | 8 | 2 | 0.429 | 0.038 | 5 | 0.893 | 0.325 | 6.50 | 4.701 | 0.500 | 0.821 |
GX1 | Congzuo, Guangxi Province | 10 | 5 | 0.800 | 0.135 | 3 | 0.600 | 0.156 | 9 | 5.174 | 0.783 | 0.825 |
GX2 | Longzhou, Guangxi Province | 10 | 5 | 0.667 | 0.244 | 6 | 0.844 | 0.753 | 8.17 | 5.091 | 0.717 | 0.827 |
GX3 | Guilin, Guangxi Province | 10 | 7 | 0.867 | 0.17 | 7 | 0.911 | 0.452 | 7.33 | 4.634 | 0.767 | 0.812 |
GX4 | Laibin, Guangxi Province | 10 | 3 | 0.378 | 0.228 | 4 | 0.711 | 0.683 | 8.5 | 5.271 | 0.800 | 0.860 |
GX5 | Qiepu, Guangxi Province | 6 | 3 | 0.733 | 0.076 | 3 | 0.733 | 0.184 | 4.83 | 3.977 | 0.556 | 0.720 |
GZ | Lipu, Guizhou Province | 8 | 2 | 0.250 | 0.088 | 3 | 0.464 | 0.106 | 7 | 4.619 | 0.688 | 0.783 |
JX | Gaozhou, Jiangxi Province | 14 | 1 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 9.67 | 5.139 | 0.845 | 0.822 |
YN1 | Hekou 1, Yunnan Province | 5 | 4 | 0.900 | 1.649 | 5 | 1.000 | 3.284 | 5.83 | 5.152 | 0.700 | 0.796 |
YN2 | Simao, Yunnan Province | 4 | 1 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 2 | 0.500 | 0.317 | 3.67 | 3.667 | 0.708 | 0.708 |
YN3 | Hekou 2, Yunnan Province | 8 | 3 | 0.464 | 0.066 | 6 | 0.893 | 0.409 | 8.5 | 5.38 | 0.625 | 0.799 |
YN4 | Puer, Yunnan Province | 7 | 5 | 0.857 | 0.685 | 5 | 0.857 | 1.271 | 7 | 5.059 | 0.714 | 0.826 |
HN1 | Baoting 1, Hainan Province | 5 | 3 | 0.700 | 0.105 | 5 | 1.000 | 0.508 | 4.83 | 4.396 | 0.533 | 0.785 |
HN2 | Baoting 2, Hainan Province | 10 | 4 | 0.733 | 0.749 | 7 | 0.933 | 0.546 | 8.33 | 5.093 | 0.717 | 0.840 |
HN3 | Baoting 3, Hainan Province | 20 | 9 | 0.753 | 0.119 | 9 | 0.847 | 0.452 | 11 | 5.318 | 0.683 | 0.867 |
HN4 | Haikou, Hainan Province | 13 | 6 | 0.821 | 0.315 | 8 | 0.885 | 1.249 | 8.5 | 4.667 | 0.679 | 0.809 |
HN5 | Tuncang, Hainan Province | 10 | 8 | 0.956 | 0.242 | 7 | 0.867 | 1.045 | 8.67 | 5.201 | 0.750 | 0.852 |
Comparison | r | p |
---|---|---|
Simple Mantel Tests | ||
Geneticssr, geography | 0.544 | 0.001 |
Geneticssr, climate | 0.419 | 0.001 |
Geneticmt, geography | 0.415 | 0.002 |
Geneticmt, climate | 0.445 | 0.001 |
Geneticssr, geneticmt | 0.518 | 0.001 |
Partial Mantel Tests | ||
Geneticssr, geography|climate | 0.449 | 0.001 |
Geneticssr, climate|geography | 0.254 | 0.008 |
Geneticmt, geography|climate | 0.284 | 0.021 |
Geneticmt, climate|geography | 0.330 | 0.001 |
Geneticssr, geneticmt|geography | 0.383 | 0.001 |
Geneticssr, geneticmt|climate | 0.408 | 0.001 |
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Meng, X.; Liu, T.; Zhang, L.; Jin, L.; Sun, K.; Feng, J. Effects of Colonization, Geography and Environment on Genetic Divergence in the Intermediate Leaf-Nosed Bat, Hipposideros larvatus. Animals 2021, 11, 733. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030733
Meng X, Liu T, Zhang L, Jin L, Sun K, Feng J. Effects of Colonization, Geography and Environment on Genetic Divergence in the Intermediate Leaf-Nosed Bat, Hipposideros larvatus. Animals. 2021; 11(3):733. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030733
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeng, Xiangfeng, Tong Liu, Lin Zhang, Longru Jin, Keping Sun, and Jiang Feng. 2021. "Effects of Colonization, Geography and Environment on Genetic Divergence in the Intermediate Leaf-Nosed Bat, Hipposideros larvatus" Animals 11, no. 3: 733. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11030733