Annual Nitrogen Balance from Dairy Barns, Comparison between Cubicle and Compost-Bedded Pack Housing Systems in the Northeast of Spain
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Setting and Animal Management
2.2. Experimental Diet
2.3. N Excretion and N Loss Calculation
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables (g/Head/Day) | Housing System 1 | Season 2 | RSD 3 | p-Value 4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CUB | CB | | | HS | S | HS × S | ||
N intake | 266.4 | 234.3 | 251.8 | 251.4 | 30.16 | 0.14 | 0.82 | 0.83 |
Theoretical N Retention into fetus | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | - | - | - | - |
Theoretical N left in manure | 218.1 | 186.7 | 201.3 | 203.5 | 26.12 | 0.11 | 0.85 | 0.9 |
Theoretical irreversible N losses | 34.36 | 33.9 | 36.4 | 34 | 1.64 | 0.57 | 0.07 | 0.88 |
N Balance (kg/Head/Year) | Housing System 1 | Season 2 | RSD 3 | p-Value 4 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CUB | CB | | | HS | S | HS × S | ||
N intake | 218.5 | 209.6 | 223.6 | 204.5 | 8.20 | 0.12 | 0.004 | 0.06 |
N milk | 60.1 | 56.2 | 62.48 | 53.8 | 5.56 | 0.23 | 0.02 | 0.24 |
N fetus | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.82 | 0.82 | - | - | - | - |
N left into manure | 133.5 | 70.9 | 98.4 | 106.0 | 17.27 | 0.0002 | 0.46 | 0.79 |
N Losses | 26.9 | 84.8 | 64.9 | 46.8 | 20.52 | 0.0012 | 0.16 | 0.63 |
Fresh Manure (Tn/year per cow) | 33.5 | 10.3 | 21.1 | 22.8 | 6.52 | 0.001 | 0.05 | 0.08 |
Dry Manure (Tn/year per cow) | 3.48 | 3.02 | 2.85 | 3.53 | 0.52 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.30 |
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Fuertes, E.; Seradj, A.R.; Maynegre Santaularia, J.; Villalba Mata, D.; de la Fuente Oliver, G.; Balcells Teres, J. Annual Nitrogen Balance from Dairy Barns, Comparison between Cubicle and Compost-Bedded Pack Housing Systems in the Northeast of Spain. Animals 2021, 11, 2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11072136
Fuertes E, Seradj AR, Maynegre Santaularia J, Villalba Mata D, de la Fuente Oliver G, Balcells Teres J. Annual Nitrogen Balance from Dairy Barns, Comparison between Cubicle and Compost-Bedded Pack Housing Systems in the Northeast of Spain. Animals. 2021; 11(7):2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11072136
Chicago/Turabian StyleFuertes, Esperanza, Ahmad Reza Seradj, Jordi Maynegre Santaularia, Daniel Villalba Mata, Gabriel de la Fuente Oliver, and Joaquim Balcells Teres. 2021. "Annual Nitrogen Balance from Dairy Barns, Comparison between Cubicle and Compost-Bedded Pack Housing Systems in the Northeast of Spain" Animals 11, no. 7: 2136. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11072136