Efficacy of Serial Ultrasonographic Examinations in Predicting Return to Play in Agility Dogs with Shoulder Lameness
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Dogs
2.2. Clinical Evaluation
2.3. Ultrasound Evaluation
2.4. Physiotherapeutic Protocol
2.5. Statistics
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Score | Clinical Appearance |
---|---|
0 | No lameness |
1 | Lameness not perceptible at walking but perceptible at trotting |
2 | Lameness perceptible at walking and apparent at trotting |
3 | Lameness apparent at walking and severe at trotting |
4 | No weight bearing |
Score | Ultrasonographic Appearance |
---|---|
None | No lesions detected; the affected shoulder is identical to the non-affected shoulder |
Minimal | The lesions were resolved but are still barely visible or |
The lesions were completely resolved, but minimal degenerative changes are present | |
Mild | Tendon + reduction diameter of less than 40% |
Minimal or no signs of swelling of the surrounding tissues | |
No more than two structures involved # | |
Moderate | Tendon + reduction diameter of less than 40% Swelling of the surrounding tissues of an area of less than 5 mm Maximum of three structures involved # |
Severe | Tendon + reduction diameter greater than 40% |
Swelling of the surrounding tissues of an area larger than 5 mm Three or more structures involved # |
Time | Lesions | CLS | ULS | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
T0 | With | 32/32; 100% | 32/32; 100% | ns |
Without | 0/32; 0% | 0/32; 0% | ns | |
T2 | With | 7/32; 22% | 32/32; 100% | <0.05 |
Without | 25/32; 78% | 0/32; 0% | <0.05 | |
T4 | With | 0/27; 0% | 12/27; 44% | <0.05 |
Without | 7/27; 100% | 15/27; 56% | <0.05 | |
T6 | With | 0/27; 0% | 1/27; 4% | ns |
Without | 27/27; 100% | 26/27; 96% | ns |
Time | Scoring System According to the CLS and the ULS | N | % | RR | 95% Confidence Interval | p |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T2 | CLS | 32/32; 100% | 32/32; 100% | 23.8 | 3.45–166.18 | <0.05 |
ULS | 0/32; 0% | 0/32; 0% | ||||
T4 | CLS | 7/32; 22% | 32/32; 100% | 2.51 | 1.67–3.99 | <0.05 |
ULS | 25/32; 78% | 0/32; 0% | ||||
T6 | CLS | 0/27; 0% | 12/27; 44% | 1.02 | 0.15–4.19 | ns |
ULS | 7/27; 100% | 15/27; 56% |
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Entani, M.G.; Franini, A.; Dragone, L.; Barella, G.; De Rensis, F.; Spattini, G. Efficacy of Serial Ultrasonographic Examinations in Predicting Return to Play in Agility Dogs with Shoulder Lameness. Animals 2022, 12, 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12010078
Entani MG, Franini A, Dragone L, Barella G, De Rensis F, Spattini G. Efficacy of Serial Ultrasonographic Examinations in Predicting Return to Play in Agility Dogs with Shoulder Lameness. Animals. 2022; 12(1):78. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12010078
Chicago/Turabian StyleEntani, Maria Grazia, Alessio Franini, Ludovica Dragone, Gabriele Barella, Fabio De Rensis, and Giliola Spattini. 2022. "Efficacy of Serial Ultrasonographic Examinations in Predicting Return to Play in Agility Dogs with Shoulder Lameness" Animals 12, no. 1: 78. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12010078