Utilization of the Viscum Species for Diet and Medicinal Purposes in Ruminants: A Review
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Description of the Viscum Species
3. Adaptation of the Species
4. Negative Impact and Control of the Viscum Species
5. Crude Protein and Fiber Fraction of Viscum Species
6. Potential of Viscum Species as a Source of Minerals for Ruminants
7. Antinutritional Factors Associated with Viscum ssp.
8. Health Benefits of Viscum Species in Livestock
9. The Use of Viscum Species in Ruminant Diets
10. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Distribution | References | |
---|---|---|
Viscum spp. with leaves | ||
V. articulatum | Asia, Australia | [13] |
V. album | Asia, Europe and Nepal | [14] |
V. cruciatum | Asia, Africa and Europe | [15,16,17] |
V. rotundifolium | Africa | [5] |
Viscum spp. without leaves | ||
V. angulatum | Asia | [18] |
V. combreticola | Africa | [19] |
V. anceps | Africa | [20] |
V. songimveloensis | Africa | [7] |
V. verrucosum Harv. | Africa | [21] |
Species | DM (g/kg) | CP | EE | NDF | ADF | ADL | References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
V. album | 960 | 150 | 80 | 339 | 202 | [33,36] | |
V. verrucosum | 912 | 121 | 276 | 244 | 75 | [2,32] | |
V. rontudifolium | 163 | 241 | 121 | [37,38] |
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Hawu, O.; Ravhuhali, K.E.; Musekwa, M.G.; Sipango, N.; Mudau, H.S.; Mokoboki, K.H.; Moyo, B. Utilization of the Viscum Species for Diet and Medicinal Purposes in Ruminants: A Review. Animals 2022, 12, 2569. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12192569
Hawu O, Ravhuhali KE, Musekwa MG, Sipango N, Mudau HS, Mokoboki KH, Moyo B. Utilization of the Viscum Species for Diet and Medicinal Purposes in Ruminants: A Review. Animals. 2022; 12(19):2569. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12192569
Chicago/Turabian StyleHawu, Onke, Khuliso Emmanuel Ravhuhali, Mutshidzi Given Musekwa, Nkosomzi Sipango, Humbelani Silas Mudau, Kwena Hilda Mokoboki, and Bethwell Moyo. 2022. "Utilization of the Viscum Species for Diet and Medicinal Purposes in Ruminants: A Review" Animals 12, no. 19: 2569. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12192569