Figure 1.
Skeleton of a male hamadryas baboon in seated position. (A) Ventral view, (B) Left lateral view. The costal cartilages of the last three pairs of ribs were not fully recovered during the mounting of the skeleton. Insert: Penile bone (os penis), lateral view. cl: clavicula, co: costae, cr: cranium, fe: femur, fi: fibula, hu: humerus, m: mandibula, ma: manus, p: pelvis, pe: pes, ra: radius, sa: sacrum, sc: scapula, st: sternum, ti: tibia, ul: ulna, vc: vertebrae cervicales, vca: vertebrae caudales, vl: vertebrae lumbales, vt: vertebrae thoracicae.
Figure 1.
Skeleton of a male hamadryas baboon in seated position. (A) Ventral view, (B) Left lateral view. The costal cartilages of the last three pairs of ribs were not fully recovered during the mounting of the skeleton. Insert: Penile bone (os penis), lateral view. cl: clavicula, co: costae, cr: cranium, fe: femur, fi: fibula, hu: humerus, m: mandibula, ma: manus, p: pelvis, pe: pes, ra: radius, sa: sacrum, sc: scapula, st: sternum, ti: tibia, ul: ulna, vc: vertebrae cervicales, vca: vertebrae caudales, vl: vertebrae lumbales, vt: vertebrae thoracicae.
Figure 2.
Ossa cranii et faciei of the skull of the female hamadryas baboon, left lateral view. The sutures between the cranial bones are highlighted in grey. The sutures between the splanchnocranium and the neurocranium are highlighted in black. Where appropriate, the processes and specific parts of the bones are indicated. Notice the irregularly positioned and worn off incisors and canines. fit: fossa infratemporalis, sc: sutura coronalis, sel: sutura ethmoidolacrimalis, sfe: sutura frontoethmoidalis, sfl: sutura frontolacrimalis, sfm: sutura frontomaxillaris, sfn: sutura frontonasalis, sfz: sutura frontozygomatica, sl: sutura lambdoidea, slm: sutura lacrimomaxillaris, smi: sutura maxilloincisiva, sni: sutura nasoincisiva, snm: sutura nasomaxillaris, som: sutura occipitomastoidea, ssf: sutura sphenofrontalis, ssm: sutura squamomastoidea, ssp: sutura sphenoparietalis, ssq: sutura squamosa, sss: sutura sphenosquamosa, ssz: sutura sphenozygomatica, stf: sutura temporofrontalis, stz: sutura tympanozygomatica, szm: sutura zygomaticomaxillaris.
Figure 2.
Ossa cranii et faciei of the skull of the female hamadryas baboon, left lateral view. The sutures between the cranial bones are highlighted in grey. The sutures between the splanchnocranium and the neurocranium are highlighted in black. Where appropriate, the processes and specific parts of the bones are indicated. Notice the irregularly positioned and worn off incisors and canines. fit: fossa infratemporalis, sc: sutura coronalis, sel: sutura ethmoidolacrimalis, sfe: sutura frontoethmoidalis, sfl: sutura frontolacrimalis, sfm: sutura frontomaxillaris, sfn: sutura frontonasalis, sfz: sutura frontozygomatica, sl: sutura lambdoidea, slm: sutura lacrimomaxillaris, smi: sutura maxilloincisiva, sni: sutura nasoincisiva, snm: sutura nasomaxillaris, som: sutura occipitomastoidea, ssf: sutura sphenofrontalis, ssm: sutura squamomastoidea, ssp: sutura sphenoparietalis, ssq: sutura squamosa, sss: sutura sphenosquamosa, ssz: sutura sphenozygomatica, stf: sutura temporofrontalis, stz: sutura tympanozygomatica, szm: sutura zygomaticomaxillaris.
![Animals 13 03124 g002]()
Figure 3.
Left orbit of the hamadryas baboon. The exact location of this enlarged view is shown in the insert. asc: arcus supraciliaris, cio: canalis infraorbitalis, fio: foramina infraorbitalia, fo: foramen opticum, fod: fissura orbitalis dorsalis, foo: foramen orbitale, fov: fissura orbitalis ventralis, fr: foramen rotundum, fsl: fossa sacci lacrimalis, fzf: foramen zygomaticofaciale, fzt: foramen zygomaticotemporale, iso: incisura supraorbitalis, OP: os palatinum, pc: processus clinoideus, pd: paries dorsalis, pfm: processus frontalis maxillae, pl: paries lateralis, pm: paries medialis, po: processus orbitalis, pv: paries ventralis, sel: sutura ethmoidolacrimalis, sfe: sutura frontoethmoidalis, sfl: sutura frontolacrimalis, sfm: sutura frontomaxillaris, sfn: sutura frontonasalis, sfz: sutura frontozygomatica, sio: sulcus infraorbitalis, slm: sutura lacrimomaxillaris, sse: sutura sphenoethmoidalis, ssf: sutura sphenofrontalis, ssp: sutura sphenopalatina, ssz: sutura sphenozygomatica, szm: sutura zygomaticomaxillaris, tso: torus supraorbitalis.
Figure 3.
Left orbit of the hamadryas baboon. The exact location of this enlarged view is shown in the insert. asc: arcus supraciliaris, cio: canalis infraorbitalis, fio: foramina infraorbitalia, fo: foramen opticum, fod: fissura orbitalis dorsalis, foo: foramen orbitale, fov: fissura orbitalis ventralis, fr: foramen rotundum, fsl: fossa sacci lacrimalis, fzf: foramen zygomaticofaciale, fzt: foramen zygomaticotemporale, iso: incisura supraorbitalis, OP: os palatinum, pc: processus clinoideus, pd: paries dorsalis, pfm: processus frontalis maxillae, pl: paries lateralis, pm: paries medialis, po: processus orbitalis, pv: paries ventralis, sel: sutura ethmoidolacrimalis, sfe: sutura frontoethmoidalis, sfl: sutura frontolacrimalis, sfm: sutura frontomaxillaris, sfn: sutura frontonasalis, sfz: sutura frontozygomatica, sio: sulcus infraorbitalis, slm: sutura lacrimomaxillaris, sse: sutura sphenoethmoidalis, ssf: sutura sphenofrontalis, ssp: sutura sphenopalatina, ssz: sutura sphenozygomatica, szm: sutura zygomaticomaxillaris, tso: torus supraorbitalis.
![Animals 13 03124 g003]()
Figure 4.
Skull of the female hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view, (B) Dorsal view, (C) Ventral view, (D) Rostral view, (E) Caudal view. Notice the irregularly positioned and worn off incisors and canines. a: alveolus, ads: arcus dentalis superior, ano: apertura nasi ossea, asc: arcus supraciliaris, az: arcus zygomaticus, bt: bulla tympanica, c: choana, C: dens caninus, cc: canalis caroticus, cit: crista infratemporalis, clr: crista lacrimalis rostralis, cn: crista nuchae, cnv: concha nasalis ventralis, co: condylus occipitalis, coe: crista occipitalis externa, cos: corpus ossis sphenoidalis, csm: crista supramastoidea, ct: crista temporalis, d: diastema, et: ethmoturbinalia from os ethmoidale, fc: fossa condylaris, fi: foramen incisivum, fio: foramina infraorbitalia, fit: fossa infratemporalis, fj: fossa jugularis, fm: fossa mandibularis, fma: fossa maxillaris, fnh: foramen nervi hypoglossi, fo: foramen ovale, foj: foramen jugulare, foma: foramen magnum, fp: fossa pterygoidea, fpm: foramen palatinum majus, fpp: fossa pterygopalatina, fps: foramen petrosquamosum, fpsq: fissura petrosquamosa, fs: foramen spinosum, fsl: fossa sacci lacrimalis, fsm: foramen stylomastoideum, ft: fossa temporalis, ftm: fissura tympanomastoidea, ftsq: fissura tympanosquamosa, fzf: foramen zygomaticofrontale, fzt: foramen zygomaticotemporale, g: glabella, hp: hamulus pterygoideus, I1: dens incisivus primus, I2: dens incisivus secundus, ini: incisura nasoincisiva, iso: incisura supraorbitalis, lhop: lamina horizontalis ossis palatini, llpp: lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei, lmpp: lamina medialis processus pterygoidei, lt: linea temporalis, lvop: lamina verticalis ossis palatini, M: maxilla, M1: dens molaris primus, M2: dens molaris secundus, M3: dens molaris tertius, mae: meatus acusticus externus, mio: margo infraorbitalis, mso: margo supraorbitalis, n: nasion, o: orbita, OI: os incisivum, OS: os sphenoidale, OZ: os zygomaticum, P3: dens premolaris tertius, P4: dens premolaris quartus, pae: porus acusticus externus, pd: paries dorsalis, pfm: processus frontalis maxillae, pl: paries lateralis, pm: paries medialis, pma: processus mastoideus, pn: planum nuchale, pnc: processus nasalis caudalis, pnr: processus nasalis rostralis, poe: protuberantia occipitalis externa (inion), pp: processus pyramidalis, ppop: planum parietale ossis parietalis, ppos: processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis, pra: processus retroarticularis, ps: processus styloideus, pt: pterion, ptop: planum temporale ossis parietalis, pv: paries ventralis, sc: sutura coronalis, sfm: sutura frontomaxillaris, sfn: sutura frontonasalis, sfz: sutura frontozygomatica, sif: sutura interfrontalis, sii: sutura interincisiva, sin: sutura internasalis, sio: sutura interoccipitalis, sl: sutura lambdoidea, smi: sutura maxilloincisiva, snm: sutura nasomaxillaris, som: sutura occipitomastoidea, sot: sutura occipitotympanica, sp: sulcus palatinus, spm: sutura palatina mediana, spt: sutura palatina transversa, ss: sutura sagittalis, ssm: sutura squamomastoidea, ssp: sutura sphenopalatina, ssq: sutura squamosa, sss: sutura sphenosquamosa, ssz: sutura sphenozygomatica, stz: sutura tympanozygomatica, svp: sutura vomeropalatina, svs: sutura vomerosphenoidalis, syso: synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis, szm: sutura zygomaticomaxillaris, tm: tuber maxillae, tso: torus supraorbitalis, V: vomer.
Figure 4.
Skull of the female hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view, (B) Dorsal view, (C) Ventral view, (D) Rostral view, (E) Caudal view. Notice the irregularly positioned and worn off incisors and canines. a: alveolus, ads: arcus dentalis superior, ano: apertura nasi ossea, asc: arcus supraciliaris, az: arcus zygomaticus, bt: bulla tympanica, c: choana, C: dens caninus, cc: canalis caroticus, cit: crista infratemporalis, clr: crista lacrimalis rostralis, cn: crista nuchae, cnv: concha nasalis ventralis, co: condylus occipitalis, coe: crista occipitalis externa, cos: corpus ossis sphenoidalis, csm: crista supramastoidea, ct: crista temporalis, d: diastema, et: ethmoturbinalia from os ethmoidale, fc: fossa condylaris, fi: foramen incisivum, fio: foramina infraorbitalia, fit: fossa infratemporalis, fj: fossa jugularis, fm: fossa mandibularis, fma: fossa maxillaris, fnh: foramen nervi hypoglossi, fo: foramen ovale, foj: foramen jugulare, foma: foramen magnum, fp: fossa pterygoidea, fpm: foramen palatinum majus, fpp: fossa pterygopalatina, fps: foramen petrosquamosum, fpsq: fissura petrosquamosa, fs: foramen spinosum, fsl: fossa sacci lacrimalis, fsm: foramen stylomastoideum, ft: fossa temporalis, ftm: fissura tympanomastoidea, ftsq: fissura tympanosquamosa, fzf: foramen zygomaticofrontale, fzt: foramen zygomaticotemporale, g: glabella, hp: hamulus pterygoideus, I1: dens incisivus primus, I2: dens incisivus secundus, ini: incisura nasoincisiva, iso: incisura supraorbitalis, lhop: lamina horizontalis ossis palatini, llpp: lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei, lmpp: lamina medialis processus pterygoidei, lt: linea temporalis, lvop: lamina verticalis ossis palatini, M: maxilla, M1: dens molaris primus, M2: dens molaris secundus, M3: dens molaris tertius, mae: meatus acusticus externus, mio: margo infraorbitalis, mso: margo supraorbitalis, n: nasion, o: orbita, OI: os incisivum, OS: os sphenoidale, OZ: os zygomaticum, P3: dens premolaris tertius, P4: dens premolaris quartus, pae: porus acusticus externus, pd: paries dorsalis, pfm: processus frontalis maxillae, pl: paries lateralis, pm: paries medialis, pma: processus mastoideus, pn: planum nuchale, pnc: processus nasalis caudalis, pnr: processus nasalis rostralis, poe: protuberantia occipitalis externa (inion), pp: processus pyramidalis, ppop: planum parietale ossis parietalis, ppos: processus pterygoideus ossis sphenoidalis, pra: processus retroarticularis, ps: processus styloideus, pt: pterion, ptop: planum temporale ossis parietalis, pv: paries ventralis, sc: sutura coronalis, sfm: sutura frontomaxillaris, sfn: sutura frontonasalis, sfz: sutura frontozygomatica, sif: sutura interfrontalis, sii: sutura interincisiva, sin: sutura internasalis, sio: sutura interoccipitalis, sl: sutura lambdoidea, smi: sutura maxilloincisiva, snm: sutura nasomaxillaris, som: sutura occipitomastoidea, sot: sutura occipitotympanica, sp: sulcus palatinus, spm: sutura palatina mediana, spt: sutura palatina transversa, ss: sutura sagittalis, ssm: sutura squamomastoidea, ssp: sutura sphenopalatina, ssq: sutura squamosa, sss: sutura sphenosquamosa, ssz: sutura sphenozygomatica, stz: sutura tympanozygomatica, svp: sutura vomeropalatina, svs: sutura vomerosphenoidalis, syso: synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis, szm: sutura zygomaticomaxillaris, tm: tuber maxillae, tso: torus supraorbitalis, V: vomer.
![Animals 13 03124 g004]()
Figure 5.
Left ventrolateral view of the infratemporal fossa of the hamadryas baboon. aobs: ala ossis basisphenoidalis, cit: crista infratemporalis, fio: foramina infraorbitalia, fpa: foramen pterygoalare, fpp: fissura pterygopalatina, fsp: foramen sphenopalatinum, fzf: foramina zygomaticofrontalia, llpp: lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei, od: orbita dextra, os: orbita sinistra, ozpt: os zygomaticum processus temporalis, pp: processus pyramidalis, szm: sutura zygomaticomaxillaris.
Figure 5.
Left ventrolateral view of the infratemporal fossa of the hamadryas baboon. aobs: ala ossis basisphenoidalis, cit: crista infratemporalis, fio: foramina infraorbitalia, fpa: foramen pterygoalare, fpp: fissura pterygopalatina, fsp: foramen sphenopalatinum, fzf: foramina zygomaticofrontalia, llpp: lamina lateralis processus pterygoidei, od: orbita dextra, os: orbita sinistra, ozpt: os zygomaticum processus temporalis, pp: processus pyramidalis, szm: sutura zygomaticomaxillaris.
Figure 6.
Cranial cavity of the hamadryas baboon. The calvaria has been removed. (A) Caudal view, (B) Caudodorsal view, (C) Dorsal view, (D) Left caudodorsal view. app: apex partis petrosae, av: apertura externa aqueductus vestibuli, cc: canalis caroticus, cf: crista frontalis, cg: crista galli, cl: clivus, cnpM: canalis n. petrosi majoris, cnpm: canalis n. petrosi minoris, co: canalis opticus, coi: crista occipitalis interna, cs: confluens sinuum, d: diploë, ds: dorsum sellae, fc: fossa cerebellaris, fj: foramen jugulare, fnh: foramen n. hypoglossi, fo: foramen ovale, fol: foramen olfactorium, fom: foramen mastoideum, foma: foramen magnum, foo: foramen orbitale, fpo: fissura petrooccipitalis, fps: fissura petrosquamosa with foramen petrosquamosum, fr: foramen rotundum, fsp: fissura sphenopetrosa, iv: impressio vermialis, lc: lamina cribrosa, le: lamina externa, li: lamina interna, pai: porus acusticus internus, pcc: processus clinoideus caudalis, pcr: processus clinoideus rostralis, po: planum orbitale, poi: protuberantia occipitalis interna, samc: sulcus arteriae meningeae caudalis, samm: sulcus arteriae meningeae mediae, sc: sulcus chiasmatis, som: sutura occipitomastoidea, sp: sulcus sinus prootici, spm: sutura parietomastoidea, ss: sulcus sinus sigmoidei, ssf: sutura sphenofrontalis, ssp: sutura sphenoparietalis, ssps: sulcus sinus petrosquamosi, ssq: sutura squamosa, sss: sulcus sinus sphenoparietalis, sssd: sulcus sinus sagittalis dorsalis, sssq: sutura sphenosquamosa, sst: sulcus sinus transversi, st: sella turcica, syso: synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis, tj: tuberculum jugulare, tt: tegmentum tympani.
Figure 6.
Cranial cavity of the hamadryas baboon. The calvaria has been removed. (A) Caudal view, (B) Caudodorsal view, (C) Dorsal view, (D) Left caudodorsal view. app: apex partis petrosae, av: apertura externa aqueductus vestibuli, cc: canalis caroticus, cf: crista frontalis, cg: crista galli, cl: clivus, cnpM: canalis n. petrosi majoris, cnpm: canalis n. petrosi minoris, co: canalis opticus, coi: crista occipitalis interna, cs: confluens sinuum, d: diploë, ds: dorsum sellae, fc: fossa cerebellaris, fj: foramen jugulare, fnh: foramen n. hypoglossi, fo: foramen ovale, fol: foramen olfactorium, fom: foramen mastoideum, foma: foramen magnum, foo: foramen orbitale, fpo: fissura petrooccipitalis, fps: fissura petrosquamosa with foramen petrosquamosum, fr: foramen rotundum, fsp: fissura sphenopetrosa, iv: impressio vermialis, lc: lamina cribrosa, le: lamina externa, li: lamina interna, pai: porus acusticus internus, pcc: processus clinoideus caudalis, pcr: processus clinoideus rostralis, po: planum orbitale, poi: protuberantia occipitalis interna, samc: sulcus arteriae meningeae caudalis, samm: sulcus arteriae meningeae mediae, sc: sulcus chiasmatis, som: sutura occipitomastoidea, sp: sulcus sinus prootici, spm: sutura parietomastoidea, ss: sulcus sinus sigmoidei, ssf: sutura sphenofrontalis, ssp: sutura sphenoparietalis, ssps: sulcus sinus petrosquamosi, ssq: sutura squamosa, sss: sulcus sinus sphenoparietalis, sssd: sulcus sinus sagittalis dorsalis, sssq: sutura sphenosquamosa, sst: sulcus sinus transversi, st: sella turcica, syso: synchondrosis sphenooccipitalis, tj: tuberculum jugulare, tt: tegmentum tympani.
![Animals 13 03124 g006]()
Figure 7.
Mandible of the female hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view, (B) Right lateral view, (C) Dorsal view, (D) Ventral view, (E) Caudal view, (F) Rostral view. aa: arcus alveolaris, am: angulus mandibulae, C: dens caninus, cm: caput mandibulae, cam: canalis mandibulae, com: collum mandibulae, fm: foramina mentalia, fma: fossa masseterica, fom: foramen mandibulae, fop: fovea pterygoidea, fp: fossa pterygoidea, fs: foramen symphysialis, I1: dens incisivus primus, I2: dens incisivus secundus, im: incisura mandibulae, ivf: incisura vasorum facialium, M1: dens molaris primus, M2: dens molaris secundus, M3: dens molaris tertius, P3: dens premolaris tertius, P4: dens premolaris quartus, pc: processus coronoideus, pco: processus condylaris, pi: pars incisiva, pm: pars molaris, sm: sulcus mylohyoideus.
Figure 7.
Mandible of the female hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view, (B) Right lateral view, (C) Dorsal view, (D) Ventral view, (E) Caudal view, (F) Rostral view. aa: arcus alveolaris, am: angulus mandibulae, C: dens caninus, cm: caput mandibulae, cam: canalis mandibulae, com: collum mandibulae, fm: foramina mentalia, fma: fossa masseterica, fom: foramen mandibulae, fop: fovea pterygoidea, fp: fossa pterygoidea, fs: foramen symphysialis, I1: dens incisivus primus, I2: dens incisivus secundus, im: incisura mandibulae, ivf: incisura vasorum facialium, M1: dens molaris primus, M2: dens molaris secundus, M3: dens molaris tertius, P3: dens premolaris tertius, P4: dens premolaris quartus, pc: processus coronoideus, pco: processus condylaris, pi: pars incisiva, pm: pars molaris, sm: sulcus mylohyoideus.
Figure 8.
Hyoid bone of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view, (B) Ventral view, (C) Dorsal view.
Figure 8.
Hyoid bone of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view, (B) Ventral view, (C) Dorsal view.
Figure 9.
Atlas of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left dorsolateral view of the cervical vertebral segment, (B) Left lateral view of the atlas, (C) Ventral view of the atlas, (D) Dorsal view of the atlas, (E) Cranial view of the atlas, (F) Caudal view of the atlas. ad: arcus dorsalis, av: arcus ventralis, fa: foramen alara, faca: fovea articularis caudalis, facr: fovea articularis cranialis, fd: fovea dentis, ft: foramen transversarium, fv: foramen vertebrale, fvl: foramen vertebrale laterale, ml: massa lateralis, pt: processus transversus, td: tuberculum dorsale, tv: tuberculum ventrale.
Figure 9.
Atlas of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left dorsolateral view of the cervical vertebral segment, (B) Left lateral view of the atlas, (C) Ventral view of the atlas, (D) Dorsal view of the atlas, (E) Cranial view of the atlas, (F) Caudal view of the atlas. ad: arcus dorsalis, av: arcus ventralis, fa: foramen alara, faca: fovea articularis caudalis, facr: fovea articularis cranialis, fd: fovea dentis, ft: foramen transversarium, fv: foramen vertebrale, fvl: foramen vertebrale laterale, ml: massa lateralis, pt: processus transversus, td: tuberculum dorsale, tv: tuberculum ventrale.
Figure 10.
Axis of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left dorsolateral view of the cervical vertebral segment, (B) Left lateral view of the axis, (C) Dorsal view of the axis, (D) Cranial view of the axis, (E) Caudal view of the axis. ad: apex dentis, av: arcus vertebrae, cv: corpus vertebrae, d: dens (axis), fac: facies articularis caudalis, facr: facies articularis cranialis, fad: facies articularis dorsalis, fav: facies articularis ventralis, ft: foramen transversarium, fv: foramen vertebrale, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae pac: processus articularis caudalis, pav: pediculus arcus vertebrae, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus.
Figure 10.
Axis of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left dorsolateral view of the cervical vertebral segment, (B) Left lateral view of the axis, (C) Dorsal view of the axis, (D) Cranial view of the axis, (E) Caudal view of the axis. ad: apex dentis, av: arcus vertebrae, cv: corpus vertebrae, d: dens (axis), fac: facies articularis caudalis, facr: facies articularis cranialis, fad: facies articularis dorsalis, fav: facies articularis ventralis, ft: foramen transversarium, fv: foramen vertebrale, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae pac: processus articularis caudalis, pav: pediculus arcus vertebrae, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus.
Figure 11.
Sixth cervical vertebra of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left dorsolateral view of the cervical vertebral segment, (B) Cranial view of the sixth cervical vertebra, (C) Caudal view of the sixth cervical vertebra. av: arcus vertebrae, C: vertebra cervicalis, cav: canalis vertebralis, cv: corpus vertebrae, eca: extremitas caudalis, ecr: extremitas cranialis, fcca: fovea costalis caudalis, ft: foramen transversarium, fv: foramen vertebrale, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae, lv: lamina ventralis, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, pav: pediculus arcus vertebrae, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus, sia: spatium interarcuale, sns: sulcus nervi spinalis, td: tuberculum dorsale, tv: tuberculum ventrale.
Figure 11.
Sixth cervical vertebra of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left dorsolateral view of the cervical vertebral segment, (B) Cranial view of the sixth cervical vertebra, (C) Caudal view of the sixth cervical vertebra. av: arcus vertebrae, C: vertebra cervicalis, cav: canalis vertebralis, cv: corpus vertebrae, eca: extremitas caudalis, ecr: extremitas cranialis, fcca: fovea costalis caudalis, ft: foramen transversarium, fv: foramen vertebrale, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae, lv: lamina ventralis, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, pav: pediculus arcus vertebrae, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus, sia: spatium interarcuale, sns: sulcus nervi spinalis, td: tuberculum dorsale, tv: tuberculum ventrale.
Figure 12.
Thoracic vertebrae of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view of the thoracic vertebral segment. (B) Cranial view of the fourth thoracic vertebra, (C) Caudal view of the fourth thoracic vertebra. Notice the arthrosis on vertebral bodies 5–12. av: arcus vertebrae, cv: corpus vertebrae, eca: extremitas caudalis, ecr: extremitas cranialis, fcca: fovea costalis caudalis, fccr: fovea costalis cranialis, fcpt: fovea costalis processus transversi, fiv: foramen intervertebrale, fv: foramen vertebrale, ivca: incisura vertebralis caudalis, ivcr: incisura vertebralis cranialis, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, pav: pediculus arcus vertebrae, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus, T: vertebra thoracica, vac: vertebra anticlinalis.
Figure 12.
Thoracic vertebrae of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view of the thoracic vertebral segment. (B) Cranial view of the fourth thoracic vertebra, (C) Caudal view of the fourth thoracic vertebra. Notice the arthrosis on vertebral bodies 5–12. av: arcus vertebrae, cv: corpus vertebrae, eca: extremitas caudalis, ecr: extremitas cranialis, fcca: fovea costalis caudalis, fccr: fovea costalis cranialis, fcpt: fovea costalis processus transversi, fiv: foramen intervertebrale, fv: foramen vertebrale, ivca: incisura vertebralis caudalis, ivcr: incisura vertebralis cranialis, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, pav: pediculus arcus vertebrae, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus, T: vertebra thoracica, vac: vertebra anticlinalis.
Figure 13.
Lumbar vertebrae of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view of the lumbar vertebral segment, (B) Dorsal view of the lumbar vertebral segment. Notice the transitional vertebra T13/L1, which is characterized by a pronounced right transverse process resembling a short rib, (C) Cranial view of the fourth lumbar vertebra, (D) Caudal view of the fourth lumbar vertebra. av: arcus vertebrae, cv: corpus vertebrae, eca: extremitas caudalis, ecr: extremitas cranialis, fv: foramen vertebrale, fiv: foramen intervertebrale, ivca: incisura vertebralis caudalis, ivcr: incisura vertebralis cranialis, L: vertebra lumbalis, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae, pa: processus accessorius, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, pav: pediculus arcus vertebrae, pm: processus mamillaris, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus, sia: spatium interarcuale.
Figure 13.
Lumbar vertebrae of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Left lateral view of the lumbar vertebral segment, (B) Dorsal view of the lumbar vertebral segment. Notice the transitional vertebra T13/L1, which is characterized by a pronounced right transverse process resembling a short rib, (C) Cranial view of the fourth lumbar vertebra, (D) Caudal view of the fourth lumbar vertebra. av: arcus vertebrae, cv: corpus vertebrae, eca: extremitas caudalis, ecr: extremitas cranialis, fv: foramen vertebrale, fiv: foramen intervertebrale, ivca: incisura vertebralis caudalis, ivcr: incisura vertebralis cranialis, L: vertebra lumbalis, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae, pa: processus accessorius, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, pav: pediculus arcus vertebrae, pm: processus mamillaris, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus, sia: spatium interarcuale.
Figure 14.
Sacrum of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view, (B) Caudal view, (C) Dorsal view, (D) Ventral view. aos: apex ossis sacri, as: ala sacralis, bos: basis ossis sacri, cs: canalis sacralis, csi: crista sacralis intermedia, csl: crista sacralis lateralis, csm: crista sacralis mediana, fa: facies auricularis, fsd: foramina sacralia dorsalia, fsv: foramina sacralia ventralia, lt: lineae transversae, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, pl: pars lateralis, pr: promontorium, S: vertebra sacralis, ts: tuberositas sacralis.
Figure 14.
Sacrum of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view, (B) Caudal view, (C) Dorsal view, (D) Ventral view. aos: apex ossis sacri, as: ala sacralis, bos: basis ossis sacri, cs: canalis sacralis, csi: crista sacralis intermedia, csl: crista sacralis lateralis, csm: crista sacralis mediana, fa: facies auricularis, fsd: foramina sacralia dorsalia, fsv: foramina sacralia ventralia, lt: lineae transversae, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, pl: pars lateralis, pr: promontorium, S: vertebra sacralis, ts: tuberositas sacralis.
Figure 15.
Osseous tail of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view of the first caudal vertebra, (C) Caudal view of the first caudal vertebra, (D) Left lateral view of the first six caudal vertebrae. av: arcus vertebrae, Ca: vertebra caudalis, cv: corpus vertebrae, eca: extremitas caudalis, ecr: extremitas cranialis, fiv: foramen intervertebrale, fv: foramen vertebrale, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus.
Figure 15.
Osseous tail of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view of the first caudal vertebra, (C) Caudal view of the first caudal vertebra, (D) Left lateral view of the first six caudal vertebrae. av: arcus vertebrae, Ca: vertebra caudalis, cv: corpus vertebrae, eca: extremitas caudalis, ecr: extremitas cranialis, fiv: foramen intervertebrale, fv: foramen vertebrale, lav: lamina arcus vertebrae, paca: processus articularis caudalis, pacr: processus articularis cranialis, ps: processus spinosus, pt: processus transversus.
Figure 16.
Ribs of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Both sets of 12 left (L) and right (R) ribs displayed with their medial aspects facing the viewer. (B) Medial aspects of the fifth and sixth right ribs. ac: angulus costae, cac: caput costae, cc: corpus costae, ccc: crista colli costae, cf: costae fluctuantes, coc: collum costae, cs: costae spuriae, cv: costae verae, fac: facies articularis capitis costae, fatc: facies articularis tuberculi costae, sc: sulcus costae, tc: tuberculum costae.
Figure 16.
Ribs of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Both sets of 12 left (L) and right (R) ribs displayed with their medial aspects facing the viewer. (B) Medial aspects of the fifth and sixth right ribs. ac: angulus costae, cac: caput costae, cc: corpus costae, ccc: crista colli costae, cf: costae fluctuantes, coc: collum costae, cs: costae spuriae, cv: costae verae, fac: facies articularis capitis costae, fatc: facies articularis tuberculi costae, sc: sulcus costae, tc: tuberculum costae.
Figure 17.
Sternum of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Ventral view, (B) Dorsal view. cc: cartilago costalis, cx: cartilago xiphoidea, ic: incisura costalis, icl: incisura clavicularis, ij: incisura jugularis, ms: manubrium sterni, px: processus xiphoideus, s: sternebra, sms: synchondrosis manubriosternalis, ss: synchondrosis sternalis.
Figure 17.
Sternum of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Ventral view, (B) Dorsal view. cc: cartilago costalis, cx: cartilago xiphoidea, ic: incisura costalis, icl: incisura clavicularis, ij: incisura jugularis, ms: manubrium sterni, px: processus xiphoideus, s: sternebra, sms: synchondrosis manubriosternalis, ss: synchondrosis sternalis.
Figure 18.
Left clavicle of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view, (B) Caudal view. cc: corpus claviculae, ea: extremitas acromialis, es: extremitas sternalis, faa: facies articularis acromialis, fas: facies articularis sternalis, ilcc: impressio ligamenti costoclavicularis, lt: linea trapezoidea, sms: sulcus musculi subclavii, tc: tuberculum conoideum.
Figure 18.
Left clavicle of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view, (B) Caudal view. cc: corpus claviculae, ea: extremitas acromialis, es: extremitas sternalis, faa: facies articularis acromialis, fas: facies articularis sternalis, ilcc: impressio ligamenti costoclavicularis, lt: linea trapezoidea, sms: sulcus musculi subclavii, tc: tuberculum conoideum.
Figure 19.
Left scapula of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view (facies lateralis), (B) Medial view (facies costalis), (C) Cranial view, (D) Caudal view, (E) Ventral view. a: acromion, aca: angulus caudalis, acr: angulus cranialis, av: angulus ventralis, cg: cavitas glenoidalis, cs: collum scapulae, fis: fossa infraspinata, fss: fossa supraspinata, fsu: fossa subscapularis, ig: incisura glenoidalis, is: incisura scapulae, mca: margo caudalis, mcr: margo cranialis, md: margo dorsalis, pc: processus coracoideus, ss: spina scapulae, ti: tuberculum infraglenoidale, ts: tuberculum supraglenoidale.
Figure 19.
Left scapula of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view (facies lateralis), (B) Medial view (facies costalis), (C) Cranial view, (D) Caudal view, (E) Ventral view. a: acromion, aca: angulus caudalis, acr: angulus cranialis, av: angulus ventralis, cg: cavitas glenoidalis, cs: collum scapulae, fis: fossa infraspinata, fss: fossa supraspinata, fsu: fossa subscapularis, ig: incisura glenoidalis, is: incisura scapulae, mca: margo caudalis, mcr: margo cranialis, md: margo dorsalis, pc: processus coracoideus, ss: spina scapulae, ti: tuberculum infraglenoidale, ts: tuberculum supraglenoidale.
Figure 20.
Left humerus of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view, (C) Medial view, (D) Caudal view. cah: caput humeri, ch: capitulum humeri, chfca: corpus humeri facies caudalis, chfcr: corpus humeri facies cranialis, chfl: corpus humeri facies lateralis, chfm: corpus humeri facies medialis, coh: collum humeri, cohu: condylus humeri, csl: crista supracondylaris lateralis, csm: crista supracondylaris medialis, ctm: crista tuberculi minoris, ctM: crista tuberculi majoris, el: epicondylus lateralis, em: epicondylus medialis, fc: fossa coronoidea, fmi: facies musculi infraspinati, fo: fossa olecrani, fr: fossa radialis, llsit: labium laterale sulci intertubercularis, lmsit: labium mediale sulci intertubercularis, lmt: linea musculi tricipitis, sit: sulcus intertubercularis, td: tuberositas deltoidea, th: trochlea humeri, tM: tuberculum majus, tm: tuberculum minus, ttm: tuberositas teres minor.
Figure 20.
Left humerus of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view, (C) Medial view, (D) Caudal view. cah: caput humeri, ch: capitulum humeri, chfca: corpus humeri facies caudalis, chfcr: corpus humeri facies cranialis, chfl: corpus humeri facies lateralis, chfm: corpus humeri facies medialis, coh: collum humeri, cohu: condylus humeri, csl: crista supracondylaris lateralis, csm: crista supracondylaris medialis, ctm: crista tuberculi minoris, ctM: crista tuberculi majoris, el: epicondylus lateralis, em: epicondylus medialis, fc: fossa coronoidea, fmi: facies musculi infraspinati, fo: fossa olecrani, fr: fossa radialis, llsit: labium laterale sulci intertubercularis, lmsit: labium mediale sulci intertubercularis, lmt: linea musculi tricipitis, sit: sulcus intertubercularis, td: tuberositas deltoidea, th: trochlea humeri, tM: tuberculum majus, tm: tuberculum minus, ttm: tuberositas teres minor.
Figure 21.
Left radius of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view, (B) Lateral view (C) Caudal view. ca: circumferentia articularis, car: caput radii, cor: collum radii, crfca: corpus radii facies caudalis, crfcr: corpus radii facies cranialis, crml: corpus radii margo lateralis, crmm: corpus radii margo medialis, ct: crista transversa, fac: facies articularis carpea, fcr: fovea capitis radii, iu: incisura ulnaris, lo: linea obliqua, ps: processus styloideus, tr: tuberositas radii, trr: trochlea radii.
Figure 21.
Left radius of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view, (B) Lateral view (C) Caudal view. ca: circumferentia articularis, car: caput radii, cor: collum radii, crfca: corpus radii facies caudalis, crfcr: corpus radii facies cranialis, crml: corpus radii margo lateralis, crmm: corpus radii margo medialis, ct: crista transversa, fac: facies articularis carpea, fcr: fovea capitis radii, iu: incisura ulnaris, lo: linea obliqua, ps: processus styloideus, tr: tuberositas radii, trr: trochlea radii.
Figure 22.
Left ulna of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view, (B) Lateral view (C) Medial view. cau: caput ulnae, cia: circumferentia articularis, cufm: corpus ulnae facies medialis, cufcr: corpus ulnae facies cranialis, cufl: corpus ulnae facies lateralis, cumca: corpus ulnae margo caudalis, cumi: corpus ulnae margo interosseus, cuml: corpus ulnae margo lateralis, cumm: corpus ulnae margo medialis, fac: facies articularis carpea, ir: incisura radialis, it: incisura trochlearis, o: olecranon, pa: processus anconeus, pc: processus coronoideus, ps: processus styloideus, to: tuber olecrani, tu: tuberositas ulnae.
Figure 22.
Left ulna of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view, (B) Lateral view (C) Medial view. cau: caput ulnae, cia: circumferentia articularis, cufm: corpus ulnae facies medialis, cufcr: corpus ulnae facies cranialis, cufl: corpus ulnae facies lateralis, cumca: corpus ulnae margo caudalis, cumi: corpus ulnae margo interosseus, cuml: corpus ulnae margo lateralis, cumm: corpus ulnae margo medialis, fac: facies articularis carpea, ir: incisura radialis, it: incisura trochlearis, o: olecranon, pa: processus anconeus, pc: processus coronoideus, ps: processus styloideus, to: tuber olecrani, tu: tuberositas ulnae.
Figure 23.
Skeleton of the left hand of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Dorsal view after complete maceration, (B) Dorsal view after partial maceration leaving the intercarpal and collateral ligaments in situ, (C) Palmar view after partial maceration leaving the intercarpal and collateral ligaments in situ. ac: os pisiforme (os carpi accessorium), b: basis, c: os capitatum (os carpale tertium), ca: caput, ce: os carpi centrale, co: corpus, d: phalanx distalis, fa: facies articularis, foa: fovea articularis, h: os hamatum (os carpale quartum), I: os metacarpale primum, II: os metacarpale secundum, III: os metacarpale tertium, IV: os metacarpale quartum, l: os lunatum (os carpi intermedium), m: phalanx media, om: ossa metacarpalia, os: ossa sesamoidea palmaria, p: phalanx proximalis, pp: phalanges pollicis, s: os sesamoideum m. abductoris digiti primi / pollicis longi, sc: os scaphoideum (os carpi radiale), t: os trapezium (os carpale primum), td: os trapezoideum (os carpale secundum), tpd: tuberositas phalangis distalis, tr: os triquetrum (os carpi ulnare) tro: trochlea, V: os metacarpale quintum.
Figure 23.
Skeleton of the left hand of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Dorsal view after complete maceration, (B) Dorsal view after partial maceration leaving the intercarpal and collateral ligaments in situ, (C) Palmar view after partial maceration leaving the intercarpal and collateral ligaments in situ. ac: os pisiforme (os carpi accessorium), b: basis, c: os capitatum (os carpale tertium), ca: caput, ce: os carpi centrale, co: corpus, d: phalanx distalis, fa: facies articularis, foa: fovea articularis, h: os hamatum (os carpale quartum), I: os metacarpale primum, II: os metacarpale secundum, III: os metacarpale tertium, IV: os metacarpale quartum, l: os lunatum (os carpi intermedium), m: phalanx media, om: ossa metacarpalia, os: ossa sesamoidea palmaria, p: phalanx proximalis, pp: phalanges pollicis, s: os sesamoideum m. abductoris digiti primi / pollicis longi, sc: os scaphoideum (os carpi radiale), t: os trapezium (os carpale primum), td: os trapezoideum (os carpale secundum), tpd: tuberositas phalangis distalis, tr: os triquetrum (os carpi ulnare) tro: trochlea, V: os metacarpale quintum.
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Figure 24.
Hip bone and hip (the sacrum is not shown) of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view of the left hip bone, (B) Caudal view of the hip, (C) Ventral view of the hip. Notice the arthritic right acetabulum. a: acetabulum, ai: arcus ischiadicus, amrf: area musculi recti femoris, aoi: ala ossis ilii, apc: apertura pelvis caudalis, apcr: apertura pelvis cranialis, ci: crista iliaca, coi: corpus ossis ischii, coil: corpus ossis ilii, cp: cavum pelvis, cs: crista symphysialis, eip: eminentia iliopubica, fa: fossa acetabuli, fau: facies auricularis, fg: facies glutea, fi: fossa iliaca, fl: facies lunata, fo: foramen obturatum, fs: facies sacropelvina, ia: incisura acetabuli, iiM: incisura ischiadica major, iim: incisura ischiadica minor, ma: margo acetabuli, oil: os ilium, ois: os ischium, op: os pubis, pop: pecten ossis pubis, rc: ramus caudalis ossis pubis, rcopfs: ramus caudalis ossis pubis facies symphysialis, rcr: ramus cranialis ossis pubis, roi: ramus ossis ischii, roifs: ramus ossis ischii facies symphysialis, si: spina ischiadica, sidc: spina iliaca dorsalis caudalis, sidcr: spina iliaca dorsalis cranialis, sivc: spina iliaca ventralis caudalis, sivcr: spina iliaca ventralis cranialis, sp: symphysis pelvina, syi: symphysis ischiadica, syp: symphysis pubica, ti: tuber ischiadicum, til: tuberositas iliaca, tmpm: tuberculum musculi psoas minoris, toi: tabula ossis ischii, tpv: tuberculum pubicum ventrale.
Figure 24.
Hip bone and hip (the sacrum is not shown) of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view of the left hip bone, (B) Caudal view of the hip, (C) Ventral view of the hip. Notice the arthritic right acetabulum. a: acetabulum, ai: arcus ischiadicus, amrf: area musculi recti femoris, aoi: ala ossis ilii, apc: apertura pelvis caudalis, apcr: apertura pelvis cranialis, ci: crista iliaca, coi: corpus ossis ischii, coil: corpus ossis ilii, cp: cavum pelvis, cs: crista symphysialis, eip: eminentia iliopubica, fa: fossa acetabuli, fau: facies auricularis, fg: facies glutea, fi: fossa iliaca, fl: facies lunata, fo: foramen obturatum, fs: facies sacropelvina, ia: incisura acetabuli, iiM: incisura ischiadica major, iim: incisura ischiadica minor, ma: margo acetabuli, oil: os ilium, ois: os ischium, op: os pubis, pop: pecten ossis pubis, rc: ramus caudalis ossis pubis, rcopfs: ramus caudalis ossis pubis facies symphysialis, rcr: ramus cranialis ossis pubis, roi: ramus ossis ischii, roifs: ramus ossis ischii facies symphysialis, si: spina ischiadica, sidc: spina iliaca dorsalis caudalis, sidcr: spina iliaca dorsalis cranialis, sivc: spina iliaca ventralis caudalis, sivcr: spina iliaca ventralis cranialis, sp: symphysis pelvina, syi: symphysis ischiadica, syp: symphysis pubica, ti: tuber ischiadicum, til: tuberositas iliaca, tmpm: tuberculum musculi psoas minoris, toi: tabula ossis ischii, tpv: tuberculum pubicum ventrale.
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Figure 25.
Left femur of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view, (C) Medial view, (D) Caudal view. c: collum ossis femoris, caof: caput ossis femoris, ci: crista intertrochanterica, cl: condylus lateralis, cm: condylus medialis, cof: corpus ossis femoris, el: epicondylus lateralis, em: epicondylus medialis, fap: facies articularis patellaris, fasl: facies articularis sesamoidea lateralis, fasm: facies articularis sesamoidea medialis, fc: fovea capitis, fi: fossa intercondylaris, fp: fossa musculi poplitei, fpo: facies poplitea, ft: fossa trochanterica, la: linea aspera, lp: linea pectinea, lsl: linea supracondylaris lateralis, lsm: linea supracondylaris medialis, tg: tuberositas glutea, tM: trochanter major, tm: trochanter minor, tof: trochlea ossis femoris.
Figure 25.
Left femur of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view, (C) Medial view, (D) Caudal view. c: collum ossis femoris, caof: caput ossis femoris, ci: crista intertrochanterica, cl: condylus lateralis, cm: condylus medialis, cof: corpus ossis femoris, el: epicondylus lateralis, em: epicondylus medialis, fap: facies articularis patellaris, fasl: facies articularis sesamoidea lateralis, fasm: facies articularis sesamoidea medialis, fc: fovea capitis, fi: fossa intercondylaris, fp: fossa musculi poplitei, fpo: facies poplitea, ft: fossa trochanterica, la: linea aspera, lp: linea pectinea, lsl: linea supracondylaris lateralis, lsm: linea supracondylaris medialis, tg: tuberositas glutea, tM: trochanter major, tm: trochanter minor, tof: trochlea ossis femoris.
Figure 26.
Sesamoid bones associated with the left femur of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view of the patella, (B) Caudal view of the patella, (C) Caudal view of the sesamoid bones of the gastrocnemius muscle, (D) Cranial view of the sesamoid bones of the gastrocnemius muscle. ap: apex patellae, bp: basis patellae, fa: facies articularis, fcr: facies cranialis, ml: margo lateralis, mm: margo medialis, osmgl: os sesamoideum musculi gastrocnemii laterale, osmgm: os sesamoideum musculi gastrocnemii mediale.
Figure 26.
Sesamoid bones associated with the left femur of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Cranial view of the patella, (B) Caudal view of the patella, (C) Caudal view of the sesamoid bones of the gastrocnemius muscle, (D) Cranial view of the sesamoid bones of the gastrocnemius muscle. ap: apex patellae, bp: basis patellae, fa: facies articularis, fcr: facies cranialis, ml: margo lateralis, mm: margo medialis, osmgl: os sesamoideum musculi gastrocnemii laterale, osmgm: os sesamoideum musculi gastrocnemii mediale.
Figure 27.
Tibia of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view, (C) Medial view, (D) Caudal view. aic: area intercondylaris cranialis, aica: area intercondylaris caudalis, cl: condylus lateralis, cm: condylus medialis, cot: cochlea tibiae, ct: crista tibiae, ctfc: corpus tibiae facies caudalis, ctfl: corpus tibiae facies lateralis, ctfm: corpus tibiae facies medialis, ei: eminentia intercondylaris, faf: facies articularis fibulae, fap: facies articularis proximalis, if: incisura fibularis, ip: incisura poplitea, lmp: linea musculi poplitei, mc: margo cranialis, ml: margo lateralis, mm: margo medialis, mme: malleolus medialis, se: sulcus extensorius, sm: sulcus malleolaris, til: tuberculum intercondylare laterale, tim: tuberculum intercondylare medialie, tt: tuberositas tibiae.
Figure 27.
Tibia of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view, (C) Medial view, (D) Caudal view. aic: area intercondylaris cranialis, aica: area intercondylaris caudalis, cl: condylus lateralis, cm: condylus medialis, cot: cochlea tibiae, ct: crista tibiae, ctfc: corpus tibiae facies caudalis, ctfl: corpus tibiae facies lateralis, ctfm: corpus tibiae facies medialis, ei: eminentia intercondylaris, faf: facies articularis fibulae, fap: facies articularis proximalis, if: incisura fibularis, ip: incisura poplitea, lmp: linea musculi poplitei, mc: margo cranialis, ml: margo lateralis, mm: margo medialis, mme: malleolus medialis, se: sulcus extensorius, sm: sulcus malleolaris, til: tuberculum intercondylare laterale, tim: tuberculum intercondylare medialie, tt: tuberositas tibiae.
Figure 28.
Fibula of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view, (C) Medial view, (D) Caudal view. caf: caput fibulae, cf: collum fibulae, cffc: corpus fibulae facies caudalis, cffl: corpus fibulae facies lateralis, cffm: corpus fibulae facies medialis, facf: facies fibularis capitis fibulae, fam: facies articularis malleoli, mal: malleolus lateralis, mc: margo caudalis, mcr: margo cranialis, ml: margo lateralis, mm: margo medialis.
Figure 28.
Fibula of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Lateral view, (B) Cranial view, (C) Medial view, (D) Caudal view. caf: caput fibulae, cf: collum fibulae, cffc: corpus fibulae facies caudalis, cffl: corpus fibulae facies lateralis, cffm: corpus fibulae facies medialis, facf: facies fibularis capitis fibulae, fam: facies articularis malleoli, mal: malleolus lateralis, mc: margo caudalis, mcr: margo cranialis, ml: margo lateralis, mm: margo medialis.
Figure 29.
Left foot of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Dorsal view after complete maceration, (B) Dorsal view after partial maceration leaving the intertarsal and collateral ligaments in situ, (C) Plantar view after partial maceration leaving the intertarsal and collateral ligaments in situ. b: basis, ca: caput, cal: calcaneus, ci: os cuneiforme intermedium (os tarsale secundum), cl: os cuneiforme laterale (os tarsale tertium), cm: os cuneiforme mediale (os tarsale primum), co: corpus, cu: os cuboideum (os tarsale quartum), d: phalanx distalis, fa: facies articularis, foa: fovea articularis, I: os metatarsale primum, II: os metatarsale secundum, III: os metatarsale tertium, IV: os metatarsale quartum, m: phalanx media, n: os naviculare (os tarsi centrale), om: ossa metatarsalia, os: ossa sesamoidea plantaria, p: phalanx proximalis, ph: phalanges hallucis, t: talus, tpd: tuberositas phalangis distalis, tro: trochlea, tV: tuberositas ossis metatarsalis V, V: os metatarsale quintum.
Figure 29.
Left foot of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Dorsal view after complete maceration, (B) Dorsal view after partial maceration leaving the intertarsal and collateral ligaments in situ, (C) Plantar view after partial maceration leaving the intertarsal and collateral ligaments in situ. b: basis, ca: caput, cal: calcaneus, ci: os cuneiforme intermedium (os tarsale secundum), cl: os cuneiforme laterale (os tarsale tertium), cm: os cuneiforme mediale (os tarsale primum), co: corpus, cu: os cuboideum (os tarsale quartum), d: phalanx distalis, fa: facies articularis, foa: fovea articularis, I: os metatarsale primum, II: os metatarsale secundum, III: os metatarsale tertium, IV: os metatarsale quartum, m: phalanx media, n: os naviculare (os tarsi centrale), om: ossa metatarsalia, os: ossa sesamoidea plantaria, p: phalanx proximalis, ph: phalanges hallucis, t: talus, tpd: tuberositas phalangis distalis, tro: trochlea, tV: tuberositas ossis metatarsalis V, V: os metatarsale quintum.
Figure 30.
Left talus of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Dorsal view, (B) Plantar view. cat: caput tali, cot: collum tali, ct: corpus tali, fac: facies articulares calcaneae, fan: facies articularis navicularis, fml: facies articularis malleolaris lateralis, fmm: facies articularis malleolaris medialis, sc: sulcus calcanei, st: sulcus tendinis, tl: tuberculum laterale, tm: tuberculum mediale, tt: trochlea tali.
Figure 30.
Left talus of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Dorsal view, (B) Plantar view. cat: caput tali, cot: collum tali, ct: corpus tali, fac: facies articulares calcaneae, fan: facies articularis navicularis, fml: facies articularis malleolaris lateralis, fmm: facies articularis malleolaris medialis, sc: sulcus calcanei, st: sulcus tendinis, tl: tuberculum laterale, tm: tuberculum mediale, tt: trochlea tali.
Figure 31.
Left calcaneus of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Dorsal view, (B) Plantar view. fac: facies articularis cuboidea, fat: facies articulares talares, pl: processus lateralis, pm: processus medialis, st: sustentaclum tali, suca: sulcus calcanei, sut: sulcus tendinis, tc: tuber calcanei, tp: tuber plantare.
Figure 31.
Left calcaneus of the hamadryas baboon. (A) Dorsal view, (B) Plantar view. fac: facies articularis cuboidea, fat: facies articulares talares, pl: processus lateralis, pm: processus medialis, st: sustentaclum tali, suca: sulcus calcanei, sut: sulcus tendinis, tc: tuber calcanei, tp: tuber plantare.