Open AccessArticle
Tolerability of 2 and 4 mg/kg Dosing Every 12 Hour of a Cannabidiol- and Cannabidiolic Acid-Rich Hemp Extract on Mixed-Breed Dogs Utilized for Teaching in a Closed Colony
by
Trista Mills
Trista Mills 1,
Stephanie Myers
Stephanie Myers 1
,
Daniel Hughes
Daniel Hughes 2 and
Joseph Wakshlag
Joseph Wakshlag
Dr. Joseph Wakshlag is an Associate Chair at the Department
of Clinical Sciences Committee on and [...]
Dr. Joseph Wakshlag is an Associate Chair at the Department
of Clinical Sciences Committee on Promotion, Tenure and Mentoring. He completed
his PhD studies in Pharmacology at Cornell University, and has been awarded
Cornell Veterinary Training Grant Stipend Support and is an NIH Institutional
Training Grant Recipient. His research interests include obesity management and
nutritional intervention for the canine athlete. His research topics mainly
include the following: canine, dog, veterinary sports medicine, canine athlete obesity
management.
3,*
1
School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
2
Ellevet Sciences, Portland, ME 04106, USA
3
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Submission received: 23 May 2024
/
Revised: 13 June 2024
/
Accepted: 14 June 2024
/
Published: 24 June 2024
Simple Summary
Considering the increasing popularity of cannabinoid-rich hemp-based full-spectrum nutraceuticals, there is a need to better understand the tolerability and adverse events associated with their use. This study aimed to examine the effects on dogs when using a 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg dose of CBD/CBDA-rich hemp product every 12 h in an academic teaching colony of dogs when compared to the consumption of a placebo soft-gel capsule every 12 h for two weeks. The results indicated that although there were serum concentrations of CBD in the 30–100 ng/mL concentration and 100–200 ng/mL concentration of CBDA, there were no adverse effects or behavioral changes observed regardless of the treatment used, thus showing that in normal healthy dogs, 2–4 mg/kg every 12 h appears to a safe dosing regimen.
Abstract
With the increase in popularity of utilizing cannabidiol (CBD) for human ailments, owners are actively interested in the possible utilization of cannabinoid products for their pets. The evaluation of CBD-rich hemp as an anti-anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, and anti-epileptic supplement has been assessed in previous studies in dogs, with adverse events such as ataxia or lethargy noted. In this study, the utilization of CBD-rich hemp was assessed at two concentrations to ascertain the impact on behavior as well as the tolerability of the medication given in a typically recommended dose and then twice that dose. Eighteen dogs were utilized in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, 3 × 3 designed study. Each group of six dogs was provided placebo, 2 mg/kg, and 4 mg/kg of a cannabidiol/cannabidiolic acid (CBD/CBDA)-rich hemp in two-week intervals with one-week washout periods between each treatment period. Throughout the 10-week treatment period, student evaluations were performed, simulating clients’ subjective assessments. Improvements in anxiety-related behavior and adverse events related to lethargy and ataxia were not observed and may indicate that the utilization of CBD-rich hemp products for behavioral changes may require higher dosing to mitigate unwanted behaviors in normal, healthy dogs. Furthermore, serum chemistry and serum cortisol were evaluated after each treatment period showing only a mildly significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase when dosing at 4 mg/kg every 12 h, which is consistent with previously reported CBD dosing at these higher concentrations. Adverse events associated with CBD/CBDA-rich hemp extract given at 2 and 4 mg/kg every 12 h for two weeks were not reported, suggesting that using CBD-rich hemp in young, healthy dogs was safe during two weeks of treatment.
Share and Cite
MDPI and ACS Style
Mills, T.; Myers, S.; Hughes, D.; Wakshlag, J.
Tolerability of 2 and 4 mg/kg Dosing Every 12 Hour of a Cannabidiol- and Cannabidiolic Acid-Rich Hemp Extract on Mixed-Breed Dogs Utilized for Teaching in a Closed Colony. Animals 2024, 14, 1863.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14131863
AMA Style
Mills T, Myers S, Hughes D, Wakshlag J.
Tolerability of 2 and 4 mg/kg Dosing Every 12 Hour of a Cannabidiol- and Cannabidiolic Acid-Rich Hemp Extract on Mixed-Breed Dogs Utilized for Teaching in a Closed Colony. Animals. 2024; 14(13):1863.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14131863
Chicago/Turabian Style
Mills, Trista, Stephanie Myers, Daniel Hughes, and Joseph Wakshlag.
2024. "Tolerability of 2 and 4 mg/kg Dosing Every 12 Hour of a Cannabidiol- and Cannabidiolic Acid-Rich Hemp Extract on Mixed-Breed Dogs Utilized for Teaching in a Closed Colony" Animals 14, no. 13: 1863.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14131863
APA Style
Mills, T., Myers, S., Hughes, D., & Wakshlag, J.
(2024). Tolerability of 2 and 4 mg/kg Dosing Every 12 Hour of a Cannabidiol- and Cannabidiolic Acid-Rich Hemp Extract on Mixed-Breed Dogs Utilized for Teaching in a Closed Colony. Animals, 14(13), 1863.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14131863
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