Contents of Macro- and Microelements in Blood Serum and Breast Muscle of Turkey Subjected to Pre-Slaughter Transport for Various Distances
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Birds, Pre-Slaughter Handling
- -
- N-T—no transport (30 males, 30 females);
- -
- T-100—transport for a distance of 100 km (30 males, 30 females);
- -
- T-200—transport for a distance of 200 km (30 males, 30 females);
- -
- T-300—transport for a distance of 300 km (30 males, 30 females).
2.2. Sample Collection and Chemical Analyses
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Item | Statistical Measure | Pre-Slaughter Handling | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N-T | T-100 | T-200 | T-300 | ||
Female | |||||
Body weight before transport (kg) | 10.49 B | 10.36 B | 10.90 C | 11.26 A | |
SD s | 0.27 | 0.48 | 0.32 | 0.67 | |
H:L (1/1) | 1.05 | 1.09 | 1.33 | 1.12 | |
SD | 0.53 | 0.28 | 0.47 | 0.30 | |
Corticosterone (ng/mL) | 7.56 A | 10.22 B | 10.76 B | 9.71 B | |
SD | 2.68 | 3.98 | 3.61 | 3.32 | |
Male | |||||
Body weight before transport (kg) | 19.19 | 20.72 | 20.22 | 20.35 | |
SD | 1.95 | 1.40 | 1.21 | 1.79 | |
H:L (1/1) | 1.73 | 1.56 | 1.81 | 1.88 | |
SD | 0.57 | 0.91 | 0.59 | 0.43 | |
Corticosterone (ng/mL) | 4.44 A | 4.10 A | 7.45 B | 8.68 B | |
SD | 1.99 | 2.09 | 1.63 | 2.38 |
Macro- and Microelements | Statistical Measure | Pre-Slaughter Handling | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N-T | T-100 | T-200 | T-300 | ||
Magnesium (mmol/L) | 1.02 ab | 1.04 ab | 1.07 a | 0.97 b | |
SD | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.16 | 0.11 | |
Phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.79 Aa | 1.54 B | 1.70 ab | 1.57 b | |
SD | 0.36 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.28 | |
Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.95 | 2.95 | 2.99 | 2.79 | |
SD | 0.37 | 0.26 | 0.42 | 0.17 | |
Iron (µmol/L) | 25.46 b | 27.52 B | 25.22 b | 19.38 Aa | |
SD | 12.42 | 9.33 | 13.38 | 7.77 | |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 157.90 a | 158.53 A | 157.40 ab | 155.60 Bb | |
SD | 3.52 | 2.39 | 6.11 | 2.72 | |
Potassium (mmol/L) | 2.22 | 2.15 | 2.27 | 2.38 | |
SD | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.92 | 0.61 |
Macro- and Microelements | Statistical Measure | Pre-Slaughter Handling | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N-T | T-100 | T-200 | T-300 | ||
Magnesium (mmol/L) | 0.991 | 1.020 | 0.935 | 1.102 | |
SD | 0.6 | 0.18 | 0.9 | 0.18 | |
Phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.38 B | 1.35 B | 1.33 B | 1.65 A | |
SD | 0.23 | 0.23 | 0.18 | 0.30 | |
Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.76 A | 2.61 B | 2.61 B | 2.73 ab | |
SD | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.10 | 0.12 | |
Iron (µmol/L) | 14.03 | 12.61 | 9.68 | 12.06 | |
SD | 5.37 | 4.45 | 4.12 | 4.60 | |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 159.67 | 158.33 | 158.53 | 160.87 | |
SD | 2.99 | 4.43 | 2.80 | 4.44 | |
Potassium (mmol/L) | 1.93 B | 1.98 B | 1.80 B | 2.71 A | |
SD | 0.16 | 0.44 | 0.56 | 0.99 |
Macro- and Microelements | Statistical Measure | Pre-Slaughter Handling | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N-T | T-100 | T-200 | T-300 | ||
Magnesium (mg/100 g) | 0.337 | 0.368 | 0.332 | 0.333 | |
SD | 0.07 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.06 | |
Phosphorus (mg/100 g) | 29.70 | 29.90 | 28.08 | 29.43 | |
SD | 0.81 | 1.08 | 1.81 | 1.61 | |
Calcium (mg/100 g) | 15.42 | 15.70 | 15.38 | 15.50 | |
SD | 0.53 | 0.66 | 0.58 | 0.99 | |
Iron (mg/100 g) | 46.62 | 43.45 | 49.93 | 48.45 | |
SD | 5.33 | 13.45 | 8.09 | 5.11 | |
Sodium (mg/100 g) | 296.7 B | 299.7 b | 313.7 Aa | 288.0 Ba | |
SD | 11.83 | 9.22 | 29.92 | 14.38 | |
Potassium (mg/100 g) | 266.7 | 271.0 | 256.0 | 257.8 | |
SD | 5.72 | 12.99 | 20.62 | 13.54 |
Macro- and Microelements | Statistical Measure | Pre-Slaughter Handling | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N-T | T-100 | T-200 | T-300 | ||
Magnesium (mg/100 g) | 0.328 B | 0.327 B | 0.372 A | 0.345 AB | |
SD | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | |
Phosphorus (mg/100 g) | 30.75 | 30.45 | 31.23 | 31.62 | |
SD | 0.52 | 0.43 | 0.73 | 1.35 | |
Calcium (mg/100 g) | 15.32 | 15.25 | 15.33 | 15.40 | |
SD | 0.32 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 1.17 | |
Iron (mg/100 g) | 67.02 | 60.42 | 62.57 | 64.02 | |
SD | 6.14 | 4.62 | 3.86 | 3.33 | |
Sodium (mg/100 g) | 290.00 a | 280.00 b | 275.83 b | 277.17 b | |
SD | 7.16 | 9.76 | 9.54 | 9.70 | |
Potassium (mg/100 g) | 257.17 | 255.33 | 261.50 | 265.17 | |
SD | 7.83 | 5.61 | 8.55 | 18.44 |
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Pomianowski, J.F.; Wójcik, A.; Sowińska, J.; Witkowska, D.; Murawska, D.; Mituniewicz, T. Contents of Macro- and Microelements in Blood Serum and Breast Muscle of Turkey Subjected to Pre-Slaughter Transport for Various Distances. Animals 2024, 14, 2242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14152242
Pomianowski JF, Wójcik A, Sowińska J, Witkowska D, Murawska D, Mituniewicz T. Contents of Macro- and Microelements in Blood Serum and Breast Muscle of Turkey Subjected to Pre-Slaughter Transport for Various Distances. Animals. 2024; 14(15):2242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14152242
Chicago/Turabian StylePomianowski, Janusz F., Anna Wójcik, Janina Sowińska, Dorota Witkowska, Daria Murawska, and Tomasz Mituniewicz. 2024. "Contents of Macro- and Microelements in Blood Serum and Breast Muscle of Turkey Subjected to Pre-Slaughter Transport for Various Distances" Animals 14, no. 15: 2242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14152242