Combined Effects of Nasal Ketamine and Trauma-Focused Psychotherapy in Treatment-Resistant Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Case Series
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Inclusion Criteria | Exclusion Criteria |
---|---|
18–65 years | Known aneurysmal vascular disease |
Chronic PTSD (>6 months) | Known history of intracerebral hemorrhage |
Two or more unsuccessful previous PTSD-specific treatments | Recent (within the last six weeks) cardiovascular event |
Known hypersensitivity to ketamine or esketamine | |
Untreated hypertension | |
Untreated liver, kidney, or lung disease | |
Untreated hyperthyroidism | |
History of traumatic brain injury of at least moderate severity | |
History of (hypo-)manic or psychotic episodes | |
Current use of opioids, benzodiazepines, or opioid antagonists | |
Meeting criteria for a substance use disorder in the past 6 months | |
Use of ketamine without medical prescription within the last two years | |
Women of childbearing potential without effective contraception | |
Current pregnancy | |
If psychotropic medications are being taken: no stable medication including dosage within the last two months |
Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 41 | 26 | 59 |
Sex | f | f | f |
Diagnoses according to DSM-5 |
|
|
|
Physical diseases | Mild mitral insufficiency | Migraine | None |
Resting blood pressure (mmHg) | 123/66 | 101/80 | 140/85 |
Number of stressful events personally witnessed (according to LEC-5) | 8 | 3 | 3 |
CTQ score at baseline | 77 | 70 | 67 |
CGI-S score at baseline | 6 | 5 | 6 |
CAPS score at baseline | 69 | 50 | 56 |
Concomitant psychotropic medication (per day) |
|
|
|
Dosage of ketamine at each session (0.5 mg/kg) | 35 mg | 25 mg | 35 mg |
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Share and Cite
Rohde, J.; Hickmann, E.; Buchmann, M.; Kronenberg, G.; Vetter, S.; Seifritz, E.; Kleim, B.; Olbrich, S. Combined Effects of Nasal Ketamine and Trauma-Focused Psychotherapy in Treatment-Resistant Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Case Series. Behav. Sci. 2024, 14, 717. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14080717
Rohde J, Hickmann E, Buchmann M, Kronenberg G, Vetter S, Seifritz E, Kleim B, Olbrich S. Combined Effects of Nasal Ketamine and Trauma-Focused Psychotherapy in Treatment-Resistant Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Case Series. Behavioral Sciences. 2024; 14(8):717. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14080717
Chicago/Turabian StyleRohde, Judith, Elena Hickmann, Marco Buchmann, Golo Kronenberg, Stefan Vetter, Erich Seifritz, Birgit Kleim, and Sebastian Olbrich. 2024. "Combined Effects of Nasal Ketamine and Trauma-Focused Psychotherapy in Treatment-Resistant Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Case Series" Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 8: 717. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14080717