Effects of Technostress on Psychological Contract Violation and Organizational Change Resistance
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Theoretical Background
2.1. Technostress
2.2. Psychological Contract Violation
2.3. Organizational Change Resistance
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Data Collection and Method
3.2. Measurement
4. Results
4.1. Demographics of the Participants
4.2. Reliability and Validity
4.2.1. Confirmatory Factor Analysis
4.2.2. Discriminant Validity
4.3. Hypothesis Testing
5. Discussion
5.1. Theoretical Implications
5.2. Practical Implications
5.3. Limitations and Recommendations
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Demographic Factors | Category | Number of Participants | Percentage (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | Male | 206 | 40.5 |
Female | 303 | 59.5 | |
Age | 20s | 156 | 30.6 |
30s | 198 | 38.9 | |
40s | 103 | 20.2 | |
50s and older | 52 | 10.2 | |
Education | High school diploma or less | 97 | 19.1 |
Associate degree | 71 | 13.9 | |
Bachelor’s degree (4-year university) | 305 | 59.9 | |
Graduate degree or higher | 36 | 7.1 | |
Type of enterprise | Travel agency | 147 | 28.9 |
Airline | 142 | 27.9 | |
Hotel | 187 | 36.7 | |
Etc. | 33 | 6.5 | |
Total | 509 | 100 |
Factor and Variable | Standardized Loading | S.E | C.R | AVE | Composite Construct Reliability(CCR) | Cronbach’s α | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Technostress | Techno-overload | 0.843 | - | - | 0.883 | 0.958 | 0.895 |
Techno-complexity | 0.880 | 0.042 | 23.324 *** | ||||
Techno-invasion | 0.843 | 0.042 | 24.149 *** | ||||
Psychological Contract Violation | Cognitive contract violation | 0.861 | - | - | 0.881 | 0.937 | 0.834 |
Emotion contract violation | 0.831 | 0.050 | 19.784 *** | ||||
Organizational Change Resistance | OCR1 | 0.811 | - | - | 0.746 | 0.921 | 0.897 |
OCR2 | 0.824 | 0.044 | 20.819 *** | ||||
OCR3 | 0.837 | 0.040 | 21.248 *** | ||||
OCRI4 | 0.852 | 0.042 | 21.740 *** |
Factor | Technostress | Psychological Contract Violation | Organizational Change Resistance |
---|---|---|---|
Technostress | 0.883 (1) | 0.619 (3) | 0.355 |
Psychological Contract Violation | 0.787 ** (2) | 0.881 | 0.400 |
Organizational Change Resistance | 0.596 ** | 0.633 ** | 0.746 |
Estimate | t-Value | p-Value | Indirect Effect | Decision | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Process (Hypothesis) | Estimate | p | |||||
H1 | Technostress -> psychological contract violation | 0.787 | 16.862 *** | 0.000 | Accepted | ||
H2 | Psychological contract violation -> organizational change resistance | 0.431 | 5.140 *** | 0.000 | Accepted | ||
H3 | Technostress -> organizational change resistance | 0.256 | 3.204 ** | 0.001 | Accepted | ||
H4 | Inclusive leadership -> organizational change resistance (mediating effects of psychological contract violation) | 0.339 ** | 0.004 | Accepted |
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Shin, J.; Shin, H. Effects of Technostress on Psychological Contract Violation and Organizational Change Resistance. Behav. Sci. 2024, 14, 768. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14090768
Shin J, Shin H. Effects of Technostress on Psychological Contract Violation and Organizational Change Resistance. Behavioral Sciences. 2024; 14(9):768. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14090768
Chicago/Turabian StyleShin, JaeWon, and HyoungChul Shin. 2024. "Effects of Technostress on Psychological Contract Violation and Organizational Change Resistance" Behavioral Sciences 14, no. 9: 768. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14090768