Food Manufacturing Workers and Structural Causality among Work Environment, Work–Family Conflict, Musculoskeletal Pain, Sleep-Related Problems, and Burnout
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Purpose of Study
1.2. Theoretical Background
1.2.1. Work Environment
1.2.2. Work–Family Conflict
1.2.3. Musculoskeletal Pain
1.2.4. Sleep-Related Problems
1.2.5. Burnout
2. Methods
2.1. Data Collection and Subjects
2.2. Research Variables
2.3. Reliability Analysis and Model Fit Test
2.4. Results of Reliability and Exploratory Factor Analysis
2.5. Structural Equation Model
3. Results
3.1. Results of Model Fit Test and Validity Analysis
3.2. Results of Hypothesis Testing
3.3. Final SEM
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Latent Variable | Initial Items | Removed Question Item | Final Items | Cronbach’s Alpha |
---|---|---|---|---|
Work environment | 15 | 10 | 5 | 0.738 |
Work–family conflict | 5 | 1 | 4 | 0.847 |
Musculoskeletal pain | 3 | 3 | 0.758 | |
Sleep-related problems | 3 | 3 | 0.875 | |
Burnout | 2 | 2 | 0.891 |
Factor | Measurement Variable | Component | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
Work–family conflict | Concentration | 0.900 | −0.021 | 0.087 | −0.012 | 0.049 |
Responsibility | 0.889 | −0.034 | 0.085 | −0.031 | 0.065 | |
Family | 0.762 | 0.066 | 0.089 | 0.123 | 0.142 | |
Tiredness | 0.693 | 0.149 | 0.165 | 0.172 | 0.282 | |
Work environment | Noise | −0.028 | 0.821 | −0.026 | −0.025 | 0.137 |
Vibration | −0.062 | 0.783 | 0.047 | −0.053 | 0.099 | |
Low temperature | −0.046 | 0.645 | 0.073 | 0.148 | 0.013 | |
High temperature | 0.096 | 0.613 | 0.080 | 0.030 | −0.101 | |
Handling heavy loads | 0.183 | 0.590 | 0.054 | 0.197 | 0.024 | |
Sleep-related problems | Waking up repeatedly | 0.104 | 0.067 | 0.896 | 0.142 | 0.097 |
Difficulty falling asleep | 0.108 | 0.036 | 0.885 | 0.083 | 0.059 | |
Exhaustion/fatigue | 0.161 | 0.132 | 0.817 | 0.176 | 0.165 | |
Musculoskeletal pain | Upper limb pain | 0.012 | 0.062 | 0.122 | 0.819 | 0.115 |
Back pain | 0.101 | 0.058 | 0.106 | 0.793 | 0.127 | |
Lower limb pain | 0.057 | 0.117 | 0.124 | 0.788 | −0.056 | |
Burnout | Exhaustion | 0.201 | 0.055 | 0.133 | 0.097 | 0.907 |
Drained | 0.204 | 0.057 | 0.153 | 0.081 | 0.892 | |
% of Variance | 26.478 | 14.381 | 11.361 | 8.847 | 7.805 | |
Cumulative (%) | 68.872 | |||||
Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test | 0.765 | |||||
Bartlett’s test | p < 0.001 |
Hypothesis | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | AVE | CR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) Work environment | 0.542 | 0.846 | ||||
(2) Work–family conflict | 0.017 * | 0.627 | 0.865 | |||
(3) Musculoskeletal pain | 0.172 * | 0.127 * | 0.832 | 0.937 | ||
(4) Sleep-related problems | 0.149 * | 0.263 * | 0.375 * | 0.783 | 0.915 | |
(5) Burnout | 0.165 * | 0.348 * | 0.256 * | 0.337 * | 0.836 | 0.911 |
Hypothesis | Paths | Standardized Path Coefficient | Critical Ratio | p-Value | Result | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H1 | Work environment -> Musculoskeletal pain | 0.177 | 0.227 | 3.036 | 0.002 * | Supported |
H2 | Work–family conflict -> Musculoskeletal pain | 0.124 | 0.065 | 2.398 | 0.011 * | Supported |
H3 | Work environment -> Sleep-related problems | 0.094 | 0.242 | 1.871 | 0.061 | Not supported |
H4 | Work–family conflict -> Sleep-related problems | 0.220 | 0.232 | 4.760 | <0.001 * | Supported |
H5 | Musculoskeletal pain -> Sleep-related problems | 0.331 | 0.668 | 6.060 | <0.001 * | Supported |
H6 | Musculoskeletal pain -> Burnout | 0.154 | 0.351 | 2.731 | 0.006 * | Supported |
H7 | Sleep-related problems -> Burnout | 0.288 | 0.325 | 5.329 | <0.001 * | Supported |
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Kim, J.W.; Jeong, B.Y. Food Manufacturing Workers and Structural Causality among Work Environment, Work–Family Conflict, Musculoskeletal Pain, Sleep-Related Problems, and Burnout. Appl. Sci. 2024, 14, 7489. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177489
Kim JW, Jeong BY. Food Manufacturing Workers and Structural Causality among Work Environment, Work–Family Conflict, Musculoskeletal Pain, Sleep-Related Problems, and Burnout. Applied Sciences. 2024; 14(17):7489. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177489
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Jun Won, and Byung Yong Jeong. 2024. "Food Manufacturing Workers and Structural Causality among Work Environment, Work–Family Conflict, Musculoskeletal Pain, Sleep-Related Problems, and Burnout" Applied Sciences 14, no. 17: 7489. https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177489