Omitting Hyperventilation in Electroencephalogram during the COVID-19 Pandemic May Reduce Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Hatano, Keisuke; Fujimoto, Ayataka; Sato, Keishiro; Yamamoto, Takamichi; Enoki, Hideo

doi:10.3390/brainsci12060769

Open AccessArticle

Omitting Hyperventilation in Electroencephalogram during the COVID-19 Pandemic May Reduce Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

by

Keisuke Hatano

¹

,

Ayataka Fujimoto

^1,2,*

,

Keishiro Sato

¹,

Takamichi Yamamoto

^1,2 and

Hideo Enoki

¹

Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12 Sumiyoshi, Nakaku, Hamamatsu 430-8558, Shizuoka, Japan

²

Department of Neurosurgery, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12 Sumiyoshi, Nakaku, Hamamatsu 430-8558, Shizuoka, Japan

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Brain Sci. 2022, 12(6), 769; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060769

Submission received: 24 May 2022 / Revised: 6 June 2022 / Accepted: 6 June 2022 / Published: 11 June 2022

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electroencephalography 3.0: From the Laboratory to the Mass-Market for a Daily-Life Use)

Download

Browse Figures

Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: To prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), hyperventilation (HV) activation has been avoided in electroencephalograms (EEGs) since April 2020. The influence of omitting HV in EEG on epilepsy diagnosis remains uncertain for patients with epilepsies other than child absence epilepsy. We hypothesized that EEGs with HV would show more interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) than EEGs without HV in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Methods: We reviewed the EEGs of seizure-free patients with JME who underwent EEG, both with and without HV, from January 2019 to October 2021, in our institution, and compared IEDs between EEG with and without HV. Results: This study analyzed 23 JME patients. The IED-positive rate was significantly higher in EEG with HV (65.2%) than in EEG without HV (34.8%, p = 0.016). The mean ± standard deviation number of IEDs per minute was significantly larger during HV (1.61 ± 2.25 × 10⁻¹) than during non-activation of both first EEG (0.57 ± 0.93 × 10⁻¹, p = 0.039) and second EEG (0.39 ± 0.76 × 10⁻¹, p = 0.009). Conclusions: In JME patients, performing HV during EEG may increase IEDs and appears to facilitate the accurate diagnosis of epilepsy.

Keywords: electroencephalogram (EEG); hyperventilation (HV); interictal epileptiform discharge (IED); juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME); coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Hatano, K.; Fujimoto, A.; Sato, K.; Yamamoto, T.; Enoki, H. Omitting Hyperventilation in Electroencephalogram during the COVID-19 Pandemic May Reduce Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Brain Sci. 2022, 12, 769. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060769

AMA Style

Hatano K, Fujimoto A, Sato K, Yamamoto T, Enoki H. Omitting Hyperventilation in Electroencephalogram during the COVID-19 Pandemic May Reduce Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Brain Sciences. 2022; 12(6):769. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060769

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hatano, Keisuke, Ayataka Fujimoto, Keishiro Sato, Takamichi Yamamoto, and Hideo Enoki. 2022. "Omitting Hyperventilation in Electroencephalogram during the COVID-19 Pandemic May Reduce Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy" Brain Sciences 12, no. 6: 769. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060769

APA Style

Hatano, K., Fujimoto, A., Sato, K., Yamamoto, T., & Enoki, H. (2022). Omitting Hyperventilation in Electroencephalogram during the COVID-19 Pandemic May Reduce Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Brain Sciences, 12(6), 769. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060769

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Menu

Omitting Hyperventilation in Electroencephalogram during the COVID-19 Pandemic May Reduce Interictal Epileptiform Discharges in Patients with Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy

Abstract

Share and Cite

Article Metrics

Article Access Statistics

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI