In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex

Azzarelli, Roberta; Oleari, Roberto; Lettieri, Antonella; Andre', Valentina; Cariboni, Anna

doi:10.3390/brainsci7050048

Open AccessReview

In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex

by

Roberta Azzarelli

^1,2,3,†

,

Roberto Oleari

^4,†

,

Antonella Lettieri

⁴

,

Valentina Andre'

⁴

and

Anna Cariboni

^4,5,*

¹

Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK

²

Wellcome Trust—Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QR, UK

³

Cavendish Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK

⁴

Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti, 9, Milan 20133, Italy

⁵

Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London EC1V 9EL, UK

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Brain Sci. 2017, 7(5), 48; https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7050048

Submission received: 22 March 2017 / Revised: 21 April 2017 / Accepted: 24 April 2017 / Published: 27 April 2017

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Neuronal Migration and Cortical Development)

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Abstract

Neuronal migration is a fundamental biological process that underlies proper brain development and neuronal circuit formation. In the developing cerebral cortex, distinct neuronal populations, producing excitatory, inhibitory and modulatory neurotransmitters, are generated in different germinative areas and migrate along various routes to reach their final positions within the cortex. Different technical approaches and experimental models have been adopted to study the mechanisms regulating neuronal migration in the cortex. In this review, we will discuss the most common in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo techniques to visualize and study cortical neuronal migration.

Keywords: migrating neuron; cortex; migration assays; electroporation

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MDPI and ACS Style

Azzarelli, R.; Oleari, R.; Lettieri, A.; Andre', V.; Cariboni, A. In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex. Brain Sci. 2017, 7, 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7050048

AMA Style

Azzarelli R, Oleari R, Lettieri A, Andre' V, Cariboni A. In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex. Brain Sciences. 2017; 7(5):48. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7050048

Chicago/Turabian Style

Azzarelli, Roberta, Roberto Oleari, Antonella Lettieri, Valentina Andre', and Anna Cariboni. 2017. "In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex" Brain Sciences 7, no. 5: 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7050048

APA Style

Azzarelli, R., Oleari, R., Lettieri, A., Andre', V., & Cariboni, A. (2017). In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex. Brain Sciences, 7(5), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci7050048

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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In Vitro, Ex Vivo and In Vivo Techniques to Study Neuronal Migration in the Developing Cerebral Cortex

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