An Overview on the Therapeutic Function of Foods Enriched with Plant Sterols in Diabetes Management

Jayaraman, Selvaraj; Roy, Anitha; Vengadassalapathy, Srinivasan; Sekar, Ramya; Veeraraghavan, Vishnu Priya; Rajagopal, Ponnulakshmi; Rengasamy, Gayathri; Mukherjee, Raktim; Sekar, Durairaj; Manjunathan, Reji

doi:10.3390/antiox10121903

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An Overview on the Therapeutic Function of Foods Enriched with Plant Sterols in Diabetes Management

by

Selvaraj Jayaraman

^1,*,†

,

Anitha Roy

²,

Srinivasan Vengadassalapathy

³,

Ramya Sekar

⁴,

Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan

¹,

Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal

⁵,

Gayathri Rengasamy

¹,

Raktim Mukherjee

⁶,

Durairaj Sekar

^7,*,† and

Reji Manjunathan

^8,*,†

¹

Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India

²

Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India

³

Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India

⁴

Department of Oral Pathology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai 600095, India

⁵

Department of Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai 600095, India

⁶

Shree PM Patel Institute of PG Studies and Research in Science, Sardar Patel University, Anand 388001, India

⁷

Centre for Cellular and Molecular Research, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India

⁸

Multi-Disciplinary Research Unit, Chengalpattu Government Medical College, Chengalpattu 60300, India

^*

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Antioxidants 2021, 10(12), 1903; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121903

Submission received: 13 October 2021 / Revised: 23 November 2021 / Accepted: 24 November 2021 / Published: 27 November 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antioxidants in Diabetes)

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Abstract

Diabetes is one of the most significant health issues across the world. People identified with diabetes are more vulnerable to various infections and are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. The plant-based food we consume often contains many sterol-based bioactive compounds. It is well documented that these compounds could effectively manage the processes of insulin metabolism and cholesterol regulation. Insulin resistance followed by hyperglycemia often results in oxidative stress level enhancement and increased reactive oxygen species production. At the molecular level, these changes induce apoptosis in pancreatic cells and hence lead to insulin insufficiency. Studies have proved that plant sterols can lower inflammatory and oxidative stress damage connected with DNA repair mechanisms. The effective forms of phyto compounds are polyphenols, terpenoids, and thiols abundant in vegetables, fruits, nuts, and seeds. The available conventional drug-based therapies for the prevention and management of diabetes are time-consuming, costly, and with life-threatening side effects. Thereby, the therapeutic management of diabetes with plant sterols available in our daily diet is highly welcome as there are no side effects. This review intends to offer an overview of the present scenario of the anti-diabetic compounds from food ingredients towards the therapeutic beneficial against diabetes.

Keywords: diabetes; insulin resistance; plant sterols; enriched foods; epigenetics; inflammation; therapeutic implications

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MDPI and ACS Style

Jayaraman, S.; Roy, A.; Vengadassalapathy, S.; Sekar, R.; Veeraraghavan, V.P.; Rajagopal, P.; Rengasamy, G.; Mukherjee, R.; Sekar, D.; Manjunathan, R. An Overview on the Therapeutic Function of Foods Enriched with Plant Sterols in Diabetes Management. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121903

AMA Style

Jayaraman S, Roy A, Vengadassalapathy S, Sekar R, Veeraraghavan VP, Rajagopal P, Rengasamy G, Mukherjee R, Sekar D, Manjunathan R. An Overview on the Therapeutic Function of Foods Enriched with Plant Sterols in Diabetes Management. Antioxidants. 2021; 10(12):1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121903

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jayaraman, Selvaraj, Anitha Roy, Srinivasan Vengadassalapathy, Ramya Sekar, Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan, Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal, Gayathri Rengasamy, Raktim Mukherjee, Durairaj Sekar, and Reji Manjunathan. 2021. "An Overview on the Therapeutic Function of Foods Enriched with Plant Sterols in Diabetes Management" Antioxidants 10, no. 12: 1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121903

APA Style

Jayaraman, S., Roy, A., Vengadassalapathy, S., Sekar, R., Veeraraghavan, V. P., Rajagopal, P., Rengasamy, G., Mukherjee, R., Sekar, D., & Manjunathan, R. (2021). An Overview on the Therapeutic Function of Foods Enriched with Plant Sterols in Diabetes Management. Antioxidants, 10(12), 1903. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10121903

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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An Overview on the Therapeutic Function of Foods Enriched with Plant Sterols in Diabetes Management

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