Left Ventricular SGLT1 Protein Expression Correlates with the Extent of Myocardial Nitro-Oxidative Stress in Rats with Pressure and Volume Overload-Induced Heart Failure
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Animals
2.1.1. Model of Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure
2.1.2. Model of Volume Overload-Induced Heart Failure
2.1.3. Experimental Groups
- Sham-T (n = 12): rats undergoing sham operation as controls of TAC and followed for 14 weeks;
- TAC (n = 12): rats undergoing TAC and followed for 14 weeks;
- Sham-A (n = 12): rats undergoing sham operation as controls of ACF and followed for 24 weeks;
- ACF (n = 12): rats undergoing ACF operation and followed for 24 weeks.
2.2. Echocardiographic Measurements
2.3. Left Ventricular Pressure-Volume Analysis
2.4. RNA Isolation and Polymerase Chain Reaction
2.5. Protein Isolation and Western Blotting
2.6. Histology and Immunohistochemistry
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. TAC Induced Characteristic LV Structural and Functional Alterations
3.2. ACF Induced Characteristic LV Structural and Functional Alterations
3.3. SGLT1 Protein Expression Was Upregulated Regardless of Type of HF
3.4. SGLT1 Protein Expression Correlates with Nox4 Protein Expression and with the Extent of Myocardial Nitro-Oxidative Stress
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sham-T | TAC | p Value | Sham-A | ACF | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body weight, BW (g) | 520 ± 17 | 439 ± 17 | 0.002 | 642 ± 16 | 702 ± 22 | 0.042 |
Tibial length, TL (cm) | 4.39 ± 0.04 | 4.21 ± 0.04 | 0.005 | 4.63 ± 0.03 | 4.67 ± 0.05 | 0.51 |
Heart weight, HW (g) | 1.32 ± 0.05 | 2.72 ± 0.14 | <0.001 | 1.56 ± 0.04 | 3.41 ± 0.18 | <0.001 |
HW/TL (g/cm) | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.65 ± 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.34 ± 0.01 | 0.73 ± 0.04 | <0.001 |
Lung weight, LW (g) | 1.94 ± 0.07 | 4.06 ± 0.33 | <0.001 | 2.06 ± 0.08 | 3.25 ± 0.18 | <0.001 |
LW/TL (g/cm) | 0.44 ± 0.01 | 0.97 ± 0.08 | <0.001 | 0.44 ± 0.02 | 0.70 ± 0.04 | <0.001 |
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Sayour, A.A.; Ruppert, M.; Oláh, A.; Benke, K.; Barta, B.A.; Zsáry, E.; Ke, H.; Horváth, E.M.; Merkely, B.; Radovits, T. Left Ventricular SGLT1 Protein Expression Correlates with the Extent of Myocardial Nitro-Oxidative Stress in Rats with Pressure and Volume Overload-Induced Heart Failure. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1190. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081190
Sayour AA, Ruppert M, Oláh A, Benke K, Barta BA, Zsáry E, Ke H, Horváth EM, Merkely B, Radovits T. Left Ventricular SGLT1 Protein Expression Correlates with the Extent of Myocardial Nitro-Oxidative Stress in Rats with Pressure and Volume Overload-Induced Heart Failure. Antioxidants. 2021; 10(8):1190. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081190
Chicago/Turabian StyleSayour, Alex Ali, Mihály Ruppert, Attila Oláh, Kálmán Benke, Bálint András Barta, Eszter Zsáry, Haoran Ke, Eszter Mária Horváth, Béla Merkely, and Tamás Radovits. 2021. "Left Ventricular SGLT1 Protein Expression Correlates with the Extent of Myocardial Nitro-Oxidative Stress in Rats with Pressure and Volume Overload-Induced Heart Failure" Antioxidants 10, no. 8: 1190. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10081190