Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Cannabidiol
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Molecular Structure of CBD
3. Biological Activity of CBD
3.1. Direct Antioxidant Effects of CBD
3.2. The Consequences of Direct Antioxidant Action of CBD
3.3. Indirect Antioxidant Effects of CBD
3.4. Cannabinoid Receptors
3.5. TRP Receptors
3.6. PPARγ Receptor
3.7. GPR Receptors
3.8. 5-HT1A Receptor
3.9. Adenosine A2A Receptors
4. Effects of Natural Derivatives of CBD on Receptors
4.1. CB1/CB2 Receptors
4.2. GPR55 and TRPV1 Receptors
4.3. 5-HT1A and PPARγ Receptors
5. Effects of Synthetic Derivatives of CBD on Receptors
5.1. CB1/CB2 Receptors
5.2. GPR Receptors
5.3. PPAR γ Receptor
5.4. TRPV1, 5-HT1A and Adenosine A2A Receptors
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound | R1 | R2 | R3 |
---|---|---|---|
cannabidiolic acid (CBDA-C5) | COOH | n-C5H11 | H |
(–)-cannabidiol (CBD-C5) | H | n-C5H11 | H |
cannabidiol monomethyl ether (CBDM-C5) | H | n-C5H11 | Me |
Cannabidiol-C4 (CBD-C4) | H | n-C4H9 | H |
cannabidivarinic acid (CBDVA-C3) | COOH | n-C3H7 | H |
(–)-cannabidivarin (CBDV-C3) | H | n-C3H7 | H |
cannabidiorcol (CBD-C1) | H | CH3 | H |
CBD Derivatives | Membrane Receptors | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Natural | CB1 | CB2 | Gpr55 | Gpr18 | TRPV1 | TRPA1 | TRPM8 | 5-HT1A | PPARγ |
cannabigerol (CBG) | X | X | |||||||
cannabigivarin (CBGV) | X | ||||||||
cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) | X * | X * | X | X | Y | ||||
cannabidivarin (CBDV) | X * | X * | Y | ||||||
cannabimovone | X * | X * | X | ||||||
7-OH-CBD | X * | X * | |||||||
7-COOH-CBD | X * | X * | |||||||
Synthetic | CB1 | CB2 | Gpr55 | Gpr18 | TRPV1 | TRPA1 | TRPM8 | 5-HT1A | PPARγ |
(−)-dimethylheptyl-CBD (DMH-CBD) | X | ||||||||
(−)-7-hydroxy-5′-dimethylheptyl-CBD | X * | X * | |||||||
(−)-1-COOH-5′-dimethylheptyl-CBD | X * | X * | |||||||
(+)-5′-dimethylheptyl-CBD | X | X * | |||||||
(+)-7-hydroxy-5′-dimethylheptyl-CBD | X | X * | |||||||
(+)-dihydrocannabidiol (H2-CBD) | X | ||||||||
(+)-tetrahydrocannabidiol (H4-CBD) | X | ||||||||
(-)-8,9-dihydro-7-hydroxy-CBD (HU-446) | X * | X * | |||||||
(+)-8,9-dihydro-7-hydroxy-CBD (HU-465) | X | X | |||||||
pinene dimethoxy-dimethylheptyl-CBD derivative (HU-433) | X * | ||||||||
pinene dimethoxy-dimethylheptyl-CBD derivative (HU-308) | X | ||||||||
HU-910 # | X | ||||||||
4′-fluorocannabidiol (HUF-101/4′-F-CBD) | X | X | |||||||
quinol derivative VCE-003 | X | ||||||||
quinol derivative HU-331 | X | ||||||||
abnormal-CBD | X | X |
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Atalay, S.; Jarocka-Karpowicz, I.; Skrzydlewska, E. Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Cannabidiol. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010021
Atalay S, Jarocka-Karpowicz I, Skrzydlewska E. Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Cannabidiol. Antioxidants. 2020; 9(1):21. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010021
Chicago/Turabian StyleAtalay, Sinemyiz, Iwona Jarocka-Karpowicz, and Elzbieta Skrzydlewska. 2020. "Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Cannabidiol" Antioxidants 9, no. 1: 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010021
APA StyleAtalay, S., Jarocka-Karpowicz, I., & Skrzydlewska, E. (2020). Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Cannabidiol. Antioxidants, 9(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010021