A Single-Component Multilayered Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine Based on Extracellular Domains of Matrix Protein 2 against Both Influenza A and B
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Expression and Purification of Various Influenza A-B M2e Immunogens
2.2. Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Blue Native-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (BN-PAGE)
2.3. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)
2.4. Negative-Stain Electron Microscopy (nsEM) Analysis
2.5. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for Antibody Binding
2.6. Propagation of Influenza Viruses
2.7. Influenza Virus Inactivation
2.8. Mouse Immunizations, Sample Collection, and Viral Challenge
2.9. ELISA for Serum Samples
2.10. Cell-Based ELISA
2.11. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Design and Characterization of Influenza A-B M2e Trimer and I3-01v9a SApNPs
3.2. In Vivo Evaluation of Influenza A-B M2e SApNPs in Mice
3.3. Evaluation of Influenza A-B M2e Vaccine-Induced Antibody Responses
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Zhang, Y.-N.; Gomes, K.B.; Lee, Y.-Z.; Ward, G.; Xie, B.; Auclair, S.; He, L.; Zhu, J. A Single-Component Multilayered Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine Based on Extracellular Domains of Matrix Protein 2 against Both Influenza A and B. Vaccines 2024, 12, 975. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12090975
Zhang Y-N, Gomes KB, Lee Y-Z, Ward G, Xie B, Auclair S, He L, Zhu J. A Single-Component Multilayered Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine Based on Extracellular Domains of Matrix Protein 2 against Both Influenza A and B. Vaccines. 2024; 12(9):975. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12090975
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Yi-Nan, Keegan Braz Gomes, Yi-Zong Lee, Garrett Ward, Bomin Xie, Sarah Auclair, Linling He, and Jiang Zhu. 2024. "A Single-Component Multilayered Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticle Vaccine Based on Extracellular Domains of Matrix Protein 2 against Both Influenza A and B" Vaccines 12, no. 9: 975. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12090975