Next Article in Journal
Effectiveness of a Simultaneous rHVT-F(ND) and rHVT-H5(AI) Vaccination of Day-Old Chickens and the Influence of NDV- and AIV-Specific MDA on Immune Response and Conferred Protection
Next Article in Special Issue
Meningococcal Disease and Related Vaccinations: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices among Healthcare Workers Who Provide Care to Patients with Underlying High-Risk Medical Conditions
Previous Article in Journal
Vaccination into the Dermal Compartment: Techniques, Challenges, and Prospects
Previous Article in Special Issue
Behavioral Differences in the Preference for Hepatitis B Virus Vaccination: A Discrete Choice Experiment
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
Vaccines
Volume 8
Issue 3
10.3390/vaccines8030535
vaccines-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Article

Relationship between Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Ecological Study

by
Mauro Amato
1,
José Pablo Werba
1,
Beatrice Frigerio
1,
Daniela Coggi
1,2,
Daniela Sansaro
1,
Alessio Ravani
1,
Palma Ferrante
1,
Fabrizio Veglia
1,
Elena Tremoli
1 and
Damiano Baldassarre
1,3,*
1
Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, 20138 Milan, Italy
2
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
3
Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20129 Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2020, 8(3), 535; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030535
Submission received: 19 August 2020 / Revised: 11 September 2020 / Accepted: 12 September 2020 / Published: 16 September 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vaccination and Public Health: Optimizing Vaccine Uptake through the Application of Social and Behavioral Science Theory, Principles, and Strategies)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: The lack of specific vaccines or drugs against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) warrants studies focusing on alternative clinical approaches to reduce the spread of this pandemic disease. In this study, we investigated whether anti-influenza vaccination plays a role in minimizing the diffusion of COVID-19 in the Italian population aged 65 and over. Methods: Four COVID-19 outcomes were used: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence, hospitalizations for COVID-19 symptoms, admissions to intensive care units for reasons related to SARS-CoV-2, and deaths attributable to COVID-19. Results: At univariate analyses, the influenza vaccination coverage rates correlated negatively with all COVID-19 outcomes (Beta ranging from −134 to −0.61; all p < 0.01). At multivariable analyses, influenza vaccination coverage rates correlated independently with SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence (Beta (95% C.I.): −130 (−198, −62); p = 0.001), hospitalizations for COVID-19 symptoms (Beta (95% C.I.): −4.16 (−6.27, −2.05); p = 0.001), admission to intensive care units for reasons related to SARS-CoV-2 (Beta (95% C.I.): −0.58 (−1.05, −0.12); p = 0.017), and number of deaths attributable to COVID-19 (Beta (95% C.I.): −3.29 (−5.66, −0.93); p = 0.010). The R2 observed in the unadjusted analysis increased from 82% to 159% for all the considered outcomes after multivariable analyses. Conclusions: In the Italian population, the coverage rate of the influenza vaccination in people aged 65 and over is associated with a reduced spread and a less severe clinical expression of COVID-19. This finding warrants ad hoc studies to investigate the role of influenza vaccination in preventing the spread of COVID-19.
Keywords: influenza vaccination coverage rate; COVID-19; coronavirus spread influenza vaccination coverage rate; COVID-19; coronavirus spread

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Amato, M.; Werba, J.P.; Frigerio, B.; Coggi, D.; Sansaro, D.; Ravani, A.; Ferrante, P.; Veglia, F.; Tremoli, E.; Baldassarre, D. Relationship between Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Ecological Study. Vaccines 2020, 8, 535. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030535

AMA Style

Amato M, Werba JP, Frigerio B, Coggi D, Sansaro D, Ravani A, Ferrante P, Veglia F, Tremoli E, Baldassarre D. Relationship between Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Ecological Study. Vaccines. 2020; 8(3):535. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030535

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amato, Mauro, José Pablo Werba, Beatrice Frigerio, Daniela Coggi, Daniela Sansaro, Alessio Ravani, Palma Ferrante, Fabrizio Veglia, Elena Tremoli, and Damiano Baldassarre. 2020. "Relationship between Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Ecological Study" Vaccines 8, no. 3: 535. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030535

APA Style

Amato, M., Werba, J. P., Frigerio, B., Coggi, D., Sansaro, D., Ravani, A., Ferrante, P., Veglia, F., Tremoli, E., & Baldassarre, D. (2020). Relationship between Influenza Vaccination Coverage Rate and COVID-19 Outbreak: An Italian Ecological Study. Vaccines, 8(3), 535. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030535

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop