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Volume 9
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10.3390/vaccines9121456
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Article

Myelin Peptide–Mannan Conjugate Multiple Sclerosis Vaccines: Conjugation Efficacy and Stability of Vaccine Ingredient

by
John Matsoukas
1,2,3,*,
George Deraos
1,
Kostas Kelaidonis
1,
Md Kamal Hossain
2,
Jack Feehan
2,
Andreas G. Tzakos
4,
Elizabeth Matsoukas
1,
Emmanuel Topoglidis
5 and
Vasso Apostolopoulos
2,6,*
1
Drug Discovery Laboratory, NewfvDrug, P.C., Patras Science Park, 26504 Patras, Greece
2
Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia
3
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
4
Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
5
Materials Science Department, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
6
Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Vaccines 2021, 9(12), 1456; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121456
Submission received: 4 October 2021 / Revised: 29 November 2021 / Accepted: 2 December 2021 / Published: 8 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multiple Sclerosis, Complications and Therapeutics 2.0)
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Abstract

Myelin peptide–mannan conjugates have been shown to be potential vaccines in the immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis. The conjugates are comprised from the epitope peptide and the polysaccharide mannan which transfers as a carrier the antigenic peptide to dendritic cells that process and present antigenic peptides at their surface in complex with MHC class I or class II resulting in T-cell stimulation. The conjugation of antigenic peptide with mannan occurs through the linker (Lys–Gly)5, which connects the peptide with the oxidized mannose units of mannan. This study describes novel methods for the quantification of the vaccine ingredient peptide within the conjugate, a prerequisite for approval of clinical trials in the pursuit of multiple sclerosis therapeutics. Myelin peptides, such as MOG35–55, MBP83–99, and PLP131–145 in linear or cyclic form, as altered peptide ligands or conjugated to appropriate carriers, possess immunomodulatory properties in experimental models and are potential candidates for clinical trials.
Keywords: mannan; MOG35–55; MBP83–99; PLP131–149; myelin; epitope; peptide; (KG)5; conjugation; quantification; stability; UPLC-MS/MS; HPLC; electrochemistry mannan; MOG35–55; MBP83–99; PLP131–149; myelin; epitope; peptide; (KG)5; conjugation; quantification; stability; UPLC-MS/MS; HPLC; electrochemistry

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MDPI and ACS Style

Matsoukas, J.; Deraos, G.; Kelaidonis, K.; Hossain, M.K.; Feehan, J.; Tzakos, A.G.; Matsoukas, E.; Topoglidis, E.; Apostolopoulos, V. Myelin Peptide–Mannan Conjugate Multiple Sclerosis Vaccines: Conjugation Efficacy and Stability of Vaccine Ingredient. Vaccines 2021, 9, 1456. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121456

AMA Style

Matsoukas J, Deraos G, Kelaidonis K, Hossain MK, Feehan J, Tzakos AG, Matsoukas E, Topoglidis E, Apostolopoulos V. Myelin Peptide–Mannan Conjugate Multiple Sclerosis Vaccines: Conjugation Efficacy and Stability of Vaccine Ingredient. Vaccines. 2021; 9(12):1456. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121456

Chicago/Turabian Style

Matsoukas, John, George Deraos, Kostas Kelaidonis, Md Kamal Hossain, Jack Feehan, Andreas G. Tzakos, Elizabeth Matsoukas, Emmanuel Topoglidis, and Vasso Apostolopoulos. 2021. "Myelin Peptide–Mannan Conjugate Multiple Sclerosis Vaccines: Conjugation Efficacy and Stability of Vaccine Ingredient" Vaccines 9, no. 12: 1456. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121456

APA Style

Matsoukas, J., Deraos, G., Kelaidonis, K., Hossain, M. K., Feehan, J., Tzakos, A. G., Matsoukas, E., Topoglidis, E., & Apostolopoulos, V. (2021). Myelin Peptide–Mannan Conjugate Multiple Sclerosis Vaccines: Conjugation Efficacy and Stability of Vaccine Ingredient. Vaccines, 9(12), 1456. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121456

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