Human Nonmercaptalbumin Is a New Biomarker of Motor Function
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Participants
2.2. Examination of Motor Function
2.3. LS Stage Tests
- Stand-up test, ability to stand on one-leg from a 40-cm-high seat (both legs).
- Two-step test, >1.3.
- 25-question GLFS score, <7.
- Stand-up test, difficulty in one-leg standing from a 40-cm-high seat (either leg).
- Two-step test, <1.3.
- 25-question GLFS score, ≥7.
- Stand-up test, difficulty in standing from a 20-cm-high seat using both legs.
- Two-step test, <1.1.
- 25-question GLFS score, ≥16.
2.4. Measurements of HSA
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Non-Elderly Participants
3.2. Elderly Participants
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Total (n = 306) | Non-Elderly (n = 124) | Elderly (n = 182) |
---|---|---|---|
male/female | 128/178 | 40/84 | 88/94 |
Age (years old) | 64.24 ± 10.4 | 54.19 ± 7.34 | 71.19 ± 5.24 |
Height (cm) | 157.88 ± 8.15 | 159.56 ± 8.16 | 156.71 ± 7.97 |
Weight (kg) | 58.84 ± 11.35 | 60.04 ± 12.61 | 58.02 ± 10.36 |
BMI (kg/cm2) | 23.5 ± 3.48 | 23.44 ± 3.73 | 23.54 ± 3.31 |
grip strength (kg) | 27.06 ± 8.88 | 27.28 ± 9.47 | 26.9 ± 8.46 |
gait speed (m/s) | 1.88 ± 0.29 | 1.94 ± 0.28 | 1.84 ± 0.29 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 4.39 ± 0.25 | 4.42 ± 0.25 | 4.36 ± 0.26 |
f(HMA) (%) | 69.49 ± 7.02 | 72.96 ± 5.86 | 67.09 ± 6.76 |
N/L | 151/155 | 84/40 | 67/115 |
Stage of LS (0/1/2) | 118/116/72 | 52/50/22 | 66/66/50 |
Non-Elderly (n = 124) | N Group (n = 84) | L Group (n = 40) | p |
---|---|---|---|
male/female | 32/52 | 16/24 | 0.304 |
Age (years) | 53.42 ± 7.5 | 56.89 ± 6.15 | <0.001 |
Height (cm) | 160.76 ± 7.87 | 159.47 ± 8.45 | 0.579 |
Weight (kg) | 59.28 ± 11.48 | 61.8 ± 12.28 | 0.283 |
BMI (kg/cm2) | 22.9 ± 3.52 | 24.27 ± 3.84 | 0.69 |
grip strength (kg) | 28.44 ± 9.55 | 27.57 ± 9.63 | 0.639 |
gait speed (m/s) | 1.95 ± 0.27 | 1.92 ± 0.31 | 0.623 |
Stage of LS (0/1/2) | 35/34/15 | 17/16/7 | 0.904 |
Elderly (n = 182) | N Group (n = 67) | L Group (n = 115) | p |
---|---|---|---|
male/female | 40/27 | 47/68 | <0.001 |
Age (years) | 69.95 ± 4.41 | 71.55 ± 5.63 | 0.057 |
Height (cm) | 159.13 ± 7.94 | 155.32 ± 7.81 | <0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 59.11 ± 10.2 | 57.37 ± 10.43 | 0.018 |
BMI (kg/cm2) | 23.25 ± 3 | 23.69 ± 3.42 | 0.930 |
grip strength (kg) | 28.35 ± 8.51 | 25.8 ± 8.39 | <0.001 |
gait speed (m/s) | 1.92 ± 0.24 | 1.78 ± 0.3 | 0.002 |
Stage of LS (0/1/2) | 33/21/13 | 33/45/37 | 0.004 |
Elderly | B | SE | Wald | df | p | OR | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
male/female | 0.031 | 0.709 | 0.002 | 1 | 0.966 | 1.031 | 0.257–4.136 |
Age (years) | −0.05 | 0.042 | 1.412 | 1 | 0.235 | 0.951 | 0.876–1.033 |
Height (cm) | 0.079 | 0.042 | 3.482 | 1 | 0.062 | 1.082 | 0.996–1.175 |
Weight (kg) | −0.005 | 0.025 | 0.043 | 1 | 0.836 | 0.995 | 0.947–1.045 |
grip strength (kg) | −0.08 | 0.755 | 0.011 | 1 | 0.915 | 0.923 | 0.21–4.054 |
gait speed (m/s) | −0.003 | 0.039 | 0.007 | 1 | 0.932 | 0.997 | 0.924–1.075 |
Stage of LS (0/1/2) | −0.663 | 0.309 | 4.62 | 1 | 0.032 | 0.515 | 0.281–0.943 |
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Ito, S.; Nakashima, H.; Ando, K.; Kobayashi, K.; Machino, M.; Seki, T.; Ishizuka, S.; Kanbara, S.; Inoue, T.; Koshimizu, H.; et al. Human Nonmercaptalbumin Is a New Biomarker of Motor Function. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2464. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112464
Ito S, Nakashima H, Ando K, Kobayashi K, Machino M, Seki T, Ishizuka S, Kanbara S, Inoue T, Koshimizu H, et al. Human Nonmercaptalbumin Is a New Biomarker of Motor Function. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(11):2464. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112464
Chicago/Turabian StyleIto, Sadayuki, Hiroaki Nakashima, Kei Ando, Kazuyoshi Kobayashi, Masaaki Machino, Taisuke Seki, Shinya Ishizuka, Shunsuke Kanbara, Taro Inoue, Hiroyuki Koshimizu, and et al. 2021. "Human Nonmercaptalbumin Is a New Biomarker of Motor Function" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 11: 2464. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10112464