Esthetic Assessment Succeeding Anterior Atrophic Maxilla Augmentation with Cancellous Bone-Block Allograft and Late Restoration Loading
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- Age ≥ 18 years.
- Missing tooth in the maxillary esthetic area (between canines).
- Bone augmentation performed 6 months prior to implant placement (using allogeneic bone block).
- Implant loading 6 months after placement.
- Patients with unbalanced systemic diseases (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes).
- History of radiation to the head and neck area.
- Poor oral hygiene.
- Mucosal diseases (lichen planus).
- Para-function (bruxism).
- Using bisphosphonates, calcium channels blockers, epileptic drugs.
- Patients with immunosuppression.
- Untreated and uncontrolled periodontal disease.
- Heavy smoking (over 10 cigarettes a day).
- The presence/absence of mesial papillae
- The presence/absence of the distal papillae
- Curvature contours of the buccal gums
- Height of the buccal gums
- Root convexity/color and soft tissue texture in the buccal aspect of the implant site [15].
- The shape of the original tooth;
- Outline and volume of the clinical crown;
- A color that includes the evaluation of hue and value indices;
- Surface texture;
- Transparency and characterization.
Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Demographic Data
3.2. Detailed PES and WES Values of All Patients
3.3. Analysis of Esthetic Results by Index: PES
3.4. Analysis of Esthetic Results by Index: WES
3.5. Analysis of Esthetic Results by Index: PES and WES
3.6. Multivariate Analysis
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient | Implant Site | PES | WES | Total | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mesial Papilla | Distal Papilla | Curvature of Facial Mucosa | Level of Facial Mucosa | Root Convexity | Total | Tooth Form | Outline | Color | Texture | Translucency | Total | |||
1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 15 |
2 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 15 |
3 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
4 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
5 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
6 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
7 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 12 |
8 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 15 |
9 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 19 |
10 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
11 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
12 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
13 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 15 |
14 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 16 |
15 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 15 |
16 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
17 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 19 |
18 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
19 | 21 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 12 |
20 | 11 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
21 | 21 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
22 | 22 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 14 |
23 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 18 |
24 | 22 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
25 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 15 |
26 | 21 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 19 |
27 | 22 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 19 |
28 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
29 | 23 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 12 |
30 | 22 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 19 |
31 | 12 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 19 |
32 | 22 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
33 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 20 |
Mean | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 8.8 | 17.8 |
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Naishlos, S.; Zenziper, E.; Zelikman, H.; Nissan, J.; Mizrahi, S.; Chaushu, G.; Matalon, S.; Chaushu, L. Esthetic Assessment Succeeding Anterior Atrophic Maxilla Augmentation with Cancellous Bone-Block Allograft and Late Restoration Loading. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 4635. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10204635
Naishlos S, Zenziper E, Zelikman H, Nissan J, Mizrahi S, Chaushu G, Matalon S, Chaushu L. Esthetic Assessment Succeeding Anterior Atrophic Maxilla Augmentation with Cancellous Bone-Block Allograft and Late Restoration Loading. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(20):4635. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10204635
Chicago/Turabian StyleNaishlos, Sarit, Eran Zenziper, Helena Zelikman, Joseph Nissan, Shaked Mizrahi, Gavriel Chaushu, Shlomo Matalon, and Liat Chaushu. 2021. "Esthetic Assessment Succeeding Anterior Atrophic Maxilla Augmentation with Cancellous Bone-Block Allograft and Late Restoration Loading" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 20: 4635. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10204635