Evidence Map of Cupping Therapy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Electronic Searches and Search Strategy
2.3. Inclusion Criteria
2.3.1. Design
2.3.2. Population
2.3.3. Intervention
2.3.4. Outcomes
2.3.5. Timing
2.3.6. Systematic Review Selection
2.4. Methodological Quality Assessment
2.5. Data Extraction
2.6. Evidence Map Presentation and Domains
- (1)
- X-axis: effect estimate
- (2)
- Y-axis: number of articles
- (3)
- Bubble size: number of participants in the total population
- (4)
- Color: strength of the findings
2.7. Narrative Synthesis
3. Results
3.1. Description of Included SRs
3.1.1. Selection Diagram
3.1.2. Included Diseases
3.1.3. Intervention Components Described
3.2. Quality of the Included Systematic Reviews
3.3. Effectiveness
3.3.1. Evidence of a Positive Effect
3.3.2. Evidence of a Potentially Positive Effect
3.3.3. Evidence of Unclear
3.4. Evidence Map
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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First Author (year) (Ref) Country | Condition Search Date No. of Primary Studies | Cupping Therapy | Comparator | Outcome | Overall Risk of Bias | Effect Estimates for Main Outcomes (Meta-Analysis) | Conclusion (Quoted from the Original Paper) | Overall Confidence |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Moura (2018) [9] Brazil | Chronic back pain May 2018 16 RCTs | All types | -Sham -Waiting list -WM -None | Pain | High | MD −1.59 (−2.07, −1.10), p = 0.001 | …has shown positive results … | Effective |
Kim (2018) [10] Korea | Neck pain Jan 2018 18 RCTs | All types | -Usual care -AT -Waiting list -No treatment | (1)Pain (2)Function | High | vs. no treatment (1) MD −2.42 (−3.98, −0.86), p < 0.00001 (2) MD −4.34 (−6.77, −1.19), p = 0.0005 vs. active control (1) MD −0.89 (−1.42, −0.37), p = 0.0009 (2) MD −4.36 (−8.67, −0.04), p = 0.05 | … reduce neck pain... | Potentially effective |
Lu (2018) [11] China | Hypertension May 2018 7 RCTs | Wet cupping | -WM -AT | (1) SBP (2) DBP (3) Antihypertensive effect (4) Effective rate | High | (1) MD −2.24 (−9.13, 4.65), p = 0.52 (2) MD −2.11 (−8.85, 4.64), p = 0.54 (3) RR 1.09 (0.99, 1.20), p = 0.07 (4) RR 1.22 (1.05, 1.40), p = 0.007 | … no firm conclusions … | Unclear |
Ma (2018) [18] China | Ankylosing spondylitis Dec 2017 5 RCTs | All types | -Sham/placebo -WM | (1) BASFI (2) BASDAI (3) ESR | High | (1) MD −16.63 (−17.75, −15.51), p < 0.00001 (2) MD −9.93 (−10.34, −9.52), p < 0.00001 (3) MD −3.96 (−4.69, −3.23), p < 0.00001 | …weak evidence … | Potentially effective |
Li (2017) [19] China | Knee osteoarthritis Jan 2017 7 RCTs | All types | -Sham/placebo -WM | WOMAC (1) Pain (2) Stiffness (3) Physical function | High | vs. WM (1) MD −1.01 (−1.61, −0.41), p < 0.01 (2) MD −0.81 (−1.14, −0.48), p < 0.01 (3) MD −5.53 (−8.58, −2.47), p < 0.01 | …weak evidence … cupping therapy… | Potentially effective |
Zhang (2017) [20] China | Several conditions Mar 2017 23 RCT (Cervical spondylosis, 7 RCTs; lateral femoral cutaneous neuritis, 2 RCTs; scapulohumeral periarthritis, 2 RCTs; Others, 12 RCTs) | All types | AT | Effective rate | High | Cervical spondylosis RR 1.13 (1.01, 1.26), p = 0.04 Lateral femoral cutaneous neuritis RR 1.10 (1.00, 1.22), p = 0.71 Scapulohumeral periarthritis RR 1.31 (1.15, 1.51), p = 0.84 | Cupping …safe… relieving pain. | Unclear |
Cao (2010) [21] China | Herpes zoster Feb 2009 8 RCTs | Wet cupping | -No treatment -Placebo -WM | Effective rate | High | vs. WM RR 1.15 (1.91, 3.24), p = 0.0.005 | …appears to be effective… | Potentially effective |
Cao (2012) [22] China | Several conditions Dec 2010 135 RCTs Herpes zoster (15 RCTs) Facial paralysis (15 RCTs) Acne (6 RCTs) Cervical spondylosis (6 RCTs) Other conditions (93 RCTs) | All types | -WM -AT | Effective rate | High | vs. WM Herpes zoster RR 2.07 (1.77, 2.43), p < 0.00001 Facial paralysis RR 1.49 (1.35, 1.65), p < 0.00001 Acne RR 2.14 (1.40, 2.65), p = 0.0003 Cervical spondylosis RR 2.07 (1.77, 2.43), p < 0.00001 | No confirm conclusion… | Unclear |
Lee (2010a) [23] Korea | Stroke rehabilitation Mar 2010 5 studies (3 RCTs, 2 UOS) | All types | -AT | (1) Effective rate (2) VAS | High | (1) p < 0.05 (2) p = 0.004 | Insufficient… | Unclear |
Seo (2018) [24] Korea | Migraine Sep 2016 7 RCTs | All types | -WM -AT | (1) Effective rate (2) VAS | High | vs. WM (1) RR 1.22 (1.08, 1.37), p = 0.001 (2) MD −3.29 (−8.22, 1.64), p = 0.19 Cupping + AT vs. AT (1) RR 1.05 (0.99, 1.12), p = 0.13 | …improves…effect of migraine … | Potentially effective |
Xing (2020) [17] China | Plaque psoriasis Mar 2020 16 RCTs | Moving cupping | -Oral Chinese medicine -Placebo -WM | (1) Recovery rate (2) Recurrence rate (3) VAS | High | (1) SMD −1.22 (−1.58, −0.85), p < 0.00001 (2) RR 0.33 (0.16, 0.68), p = 0.003 (3) WMD −0.27 (–0.71, 0.17), p = 0.22 | …could be an effective… | Potentially effective |
Xiao (2020) [25] China | Chronic urticaria May 2019 12 RCTs | All types | -AT -WM | (1) Effective rate (2) Recurrence rate | High | Wet cupping vs. WM (1) RR 1.10 (0.97, 1.25), p = 0.14 (2) RR 0.56 (0.23, 1.36), p = 0.20 Cupping + WM vs. WM (1) RR 1.18(1.01, 1.39), p = 0.03 (2) RR 0.52(0.32, 0.84), p = 0.007 | … it may enhance the efficacy | Potentially effective |
Yang (2020) [26] China | Obesity June 2019 13 RCTs | All types | -AT -Cupping | (1) Effective rate (2) Weight (3) BMI (4) Waist circumference | High | AT + cupping vs. AT (1) OR 2.28 (1.56, 3.32), p < 0.0001 (2) SMD −0.21 (−0.36, −0.06), p = 0.007 (3) SMD −0.69 (−0.85, −0.54), p < 0.00001 (4) SMD −0.46 (−0.75, −0.17), p = 0.002 AT + cupping vs. cupping (1) OR 8.79 (4.20, 18.40), p < 0.0001 (2) SMD −0.54 (−0.79, −0.29), p < 0.001 (3) SMD −0.42 (−0.67, −0.17), p = 0.001 (4) SMD −0.46 (−0.75, −0.17), p = 0.002 | Insufficient… | Unclear |
Study ID | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | Rating Overall Confidence * |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Moura (2018) [9] | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Critically low |
Kim (2018) [10] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Moderate |
Lu (2018) [11] | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Low |
Ma (2018) [18] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Low |
Li (2017) [19] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Moderate |
Zhang (2017) [20] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Low |
Cao (2010) [21] | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Critically low |
Cao (2012) [22] | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Critically low |
Lee (2010a) [23] | Yes | No | No | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | No-MA | No-MA | Yes | No-MA | No-MA | Yes | Critically low |
Seo (2018) [24] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | No | Low |
Xing (2020) [17] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Moderate |
Xiao (2020) [25] | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Moderate |
Yang (2020) [26] | Yes | No | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | No | Low |
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Choi, T.Y.; Ang, L.; Ku, B.; Jun, J.H.; Lee, M.S. Evidence Map of Cupping Therapy. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10081750
Choi TY, Ang L, Ku B, Jun JH, Lee MS. Evidence Map of Cupping Therapy. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2021; 10(8):1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10081750
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Tae Young, Lin Ang, Boncho Ku, Ji Hee Jun, and Myeong Soo Lee. 2021. "Evidence Map of Cupping Therapy" Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 8: 1750. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10081750