Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Dialysis Patients: Epidemiological Analysis and Evaluation of the Clinical Progress
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Population
2.2. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Population of Dialysis Patients
3.2. Epidemiology of COVID-19 in the General Population and in Dialysis Patients
3.2.1. General Population
3.2.2. Dialysis Patients
3.3. Vaccination Status and Infection of COVID-19 in Dialysis Patients
3.4. Mortality
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Total Dialysis Population (n = 829) | A. Hemodialysis (n = 772) | B. Peritoneal Dialysis (n = 57) | p Value (A vs. B) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender, M (n, %) | 581 (70.1%) | 539 (69.8%) | 42 (73.7%) | 0.798 a |
Age (years) | 69.2 ± 13.5 | 69.6 ± 13.6 | 63.6 ± 14.9 | 0.00108b |
Dialysis vintage (months) | 37.0 [15.4–75.9] | 40.0 [15.7–81.2] | 20.9 [9.9–32.1] | <0.0001c |
Body weight (kg) | 70.2 ± 16.6 | 69.9 ± 24.9 | 25.0 ± 4.1 | 0.158 b |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.9 ± 3.4 | 24.9 ± 3.3 | 63.6 ± 14.9 | 0.862 b |
CVD (n, %) | 428 (51.6%) | 419 (54.2%) | 9 (15.8%) | <0.0001c |
Diabetes (n, %) | 206 (24.8%) | 202 (26.2%) | 4 (7.0%) | 0.0071c |
Hypertension (n, %) | 356 (42.9%) | 322 (41.7%) | 34 (59.6%) | 0.113 c |
Previous renal transplant (n, %) | 80 (9.6%) | 80 (10.4%) | 0 (0%) | / |
Primary disease (n, %) | ||||
| 44 (5.3%) | 42 (5.4%) | 2 (3.2%) | 0.548 c |
| 62 (7.5%) | 61 (7.9%) | 1 (1.8%) | 0.105 c |
| 180 (21.7%) | 160 (20.7%) | 20 (35.1%) | 0.052 c |
| 141 (17.0%) | 139 (18.0%) | 2 (3.5%) | 0.0121c |
| 13 (1.6%) | 11 (1.4%) | 2 (3.5%) | 0.233 c |
| 52 (6.3%) | 50 (6.5%) | 2 (3.5%) | 0.397 c |
| 48 (5.8%) | 45 (5.8%) | 3 (5.3%) | 0.867 c |
| 18 (2.2%) | 13 (1.7%) | 5 (8.8%) | <0.0001c |
| 271 (32.7%) | 251 (32.5%) | 20 (35.1%) | 0.778 c |
Week | Delta | Omicron |
---|---|---|
1−7 November 2021 | 100% | 0% |
8−14 November 2021 | 100% | 0% |
15−21 November 2021 | 100% | 0% |
22−28 November 2021 | 100% | 0% |
29 November−5 December 2021 | 100% | 0% |
6−12 December 2021 | 100% | 0% |
13−19 December 2021 | 100% | 0% |
20−26 December 2021 | 93% | 7% |
27 December 2021−2 January 2022 | 64% | 36% |
3−9 January 2022 | 31% | 69% |
10−16 January 2022 | 20% | 80% |
17−23 January 2022 | 0% | 100% |
24−30 January 2022 | 5% | 95% |
31 January−6 February 2022 | 6% | 94% |
7−13 February 2022 | 3% | 97% |
14−20 February 2022 | 0% | 100% |
21−27 February 2022 | 0% | 100% |
Total Dialysis Population Infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the Observation Period (n = 109) | A. Fully Vaccinated (n = 75) | B. Partially Vaccinated (n = 24) | C. Non Vaccinated (n = 10) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Gender (M) | 55 (73.3%) | 21 (87.5%) | 6 (60.0%) | 0.791 a |
Age (years) | 69.4 ± 13.4 | 66.2 ± 14.4 | 49.9 ± 17.0 | 0.0003 b,§ |
Type of dialysis | ||||
| 72 (96.0%) 3 (4.0%) | 23 (95.8%) 1 (4.2%) | 10 (100%) 0 (0%) | / |
Dialysis vintage (months) | 37.8 [13.7–80.1] | 21.8 [9.4–56.9] | 19.4 [10.9–36.2] | 0.217 c |
Necessity of hospitalization | 16 (21.3%) | 6 (25.0%) | 5 (50.0%) | 0.071 a |
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Mosconi, G.; Fantini, M.; Righini, M.; Flachi, M.; Semprini, S.; Hu, L.; Chiappo, F.; Veterani, B.; Ambri, K.; Ferrini, F.; et al. Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Dialysis Patients: Epidemiological Analysis and Evaluation of the Clinical Progress. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 4723. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164723
Mosconi G, Fantini M, Righini M, Flachi M, Semprini S, Hu L, Chiappo F, Veterani B, Ambri K, Ferrini F, et al. Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Dialysis Patients: Epidemiological Analysis and Evaluation of the Clinical Progress. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(16):4723. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164723
Chicago/Turabian StyleMosconi, Giovanni, Michela Fantini, Matteo Righini, Marta Flachi, Simona Semprini, Lilio Hu, Francesca Chiappo, Barbara Veterani, Katia Ambri, Franca Ferrini, and et al. 2022. "Efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Dialysis Patients: Epidemiological Analysis and Evaluation of the Clinical Progress" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 16: 4723. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11164723