What Are the Factors Associated with the Structural Damage Differences in Open-Angle Glaucoma? RNFL- and GCIPL-Dominant Progression
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patient Enrollment
2.2. Study Design
2.3. Intraocular Pressure Measurements
2.4. Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography of the Optic Disc
2.5. Definition and Measurement of the Lamina Cribrosa Curvature Index
2.6. Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer and Ganglion Cell–Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness
2.7. Definition of Peripapillary Choroid Microvascular Dropout and Choroidal Thickness
2.8. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Baseline Characteristics
3.2. Factors Associated with the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer-Dominant Progression Group
3.3. Factors Associated with the Ganglion Cell–Inner Plexiform Layer Dominant Progression Group
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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RNFL-Dominant Progression Group (22 Eyes, 12 Patients) | GCIPL-Dominant Progression Group (36 Eyes, 21 Patients) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Age [years] | 54.95 ± 15.63 | 62.97 ± 13.58 | 0.044 |
Female gender (%) | 6 (50) | 10 (47.62) | 0.896 |
Hypertension [patients] | 3 | 13 | 0.063 |
Diabetes mellitus [patients] | 0 | 8 | 0.019 |
Diagnosis [eyes] | 0.005 | ||
POAG | 20 (90.91) | 20 (55.56) | |
NTG | 2 (9.09) | 16 (44.44) | |
Pre-treatment IOP [mmHg] | 19.31 ± 4.45 | 15.69 ± 3.47 | 0.004 |
Mean IOP [mmHg] | 14.81 ± 1.30 | 13.46 ± 2.13 | 0.006 |
Axial length [mm] | 25.35 ± 2.21 | 24.90 ± 1.81 | 0.486 |
Visual field MD [dB] | −6.71 ± 6.27 | −5.83 ± 5.17 | 0.566 |
Glaucoma severity [eyes] | 0.350 | ||
Early | 12 (54.56) | 20 (55.56) | |
Moderate | 4 (18.18) | 11 (30.56) | |
Severe | 6 (27.27) | 5 (13.89) | |
Presence of pcMvD [eyes] | 1 (16.67) | 9 (64.29) | 0.141 |
Choroidal thickness [µm] | 233.64 ± 78.86 | 217.92 ± 100.27 | 0.534 |
LCCI | 27.54 ± 8.06 | 22.11 ± 9.62 | 0.031 |
Mean SBP | 118.8 ± 14.8 | 123.7 ± 11 | 0.151 |
Mean DBP | 71.6 ± 11.8 | 72.3 ± 7.3 | 0.806 |
Presence of disc hemorrhage [eyes] | 3 | 10 | 0.332 |
Univariate | Multivariate Analysis 1 | Multivariate Analysis 2 | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | OR | 95% CI | p-Value | |
Axial length | 1.126 | 0.657–1.580 | 0.4427 | ||||||
Age, per 1 year older | 0.962 | 0.925–1 | 0.0493 | 0.977 | 0.929–1.028 | 0.3738 | 0.99 | 0.943–1.04 | 0.6992 |
LCCI | 1.070 | 1.004–1.140 | 0.0368 | 1.043 | 0.953–1.141 | 0.3645 | 1.094 | 1.007–1.188 | 0.0345 |
Pre-treatment IOP | 1.292 | 1.057–1.580 | 0.0124 | 1.325 | 1.058–1.661 | 0.0143 | |||
Mean IOP | 1.522 | 1.066–2.053 | 0.019 | 1.655 | 1.139–2.405 | 0.0083 | |||
Choroidal thickness | 1.002 | 0.996–1.008 | 0.5272 | ||||||
Visual field test MD | 0.972 | 0.883–1.070 | 0.5591 | ||||||
Mean SBP | 0.967 | 0.923–1.013 | 0.155 | ||||||
Mean DBP | 0.992 | 0.935–1.052 | 0.7784 | ||||||
Hypertension | 0.279 | 0.069–1.127 | 0.0731 | ||||||
Diabetes mellitus | 0.074 | 0.003–1.616 | 0.098 |
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Park, S.E.; Lee, J.S.; Kim, M.; Kim, C.Y.; Bae, H.W. What Are the Factors Associated with the Structural Damage Differences in Open-Angle Glaucoma? RNFL- and GCIPL-Dominant Progression. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 6728. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226728
Park SE, Lee JS, Kim M, Kim CY, Bae HW. What Are the Factors Associated with the Structural Damage Differences in Open-Angle Glaucoma? RNFL- and GCIPL-Dominant Progression. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2022; 11(22):6728. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226728
Chicago/Turabian StylePark, Sung Eun, Jihei Sara Lee, Mijung Kim, Chan Yun Kim, and Hyoung Won Bae. 2022. "What Are the Factors Associated with the Structural Damage Differences in Open-Angle Glaucoma? RNFL- and GCIPL-Dominant Progression" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 22: 6728. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11226728