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Article

Risk Factors for Post-Stroke Pneumonia in a Patient Population with Subacute Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study

by
Hiroyuki Tashima
1,2,
Mari Ito
1,2,
Michiyuki Kawakami
1,2,*,
Ryota Ishii
3,
Yuta Miyazaki
1,2,
Tomonori Akimoto
1,2,
Masahiro Tsujikawa
1,2,
Keigo Kobayashi
4,
Kunitsugu Kondo
1,2 and
Tetsuya Tsuji
2
1
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Bay Rehabilitation Hospital, Chiba 275-0026, Japan
2
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
3
Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
4
Department of Radiology, Yatsu Hoken Hospital, Chiba 275-0026, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12(18), 5835; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185835
Submission received: 12 August 2023 / Revised: 2 September 2023 / Accepted: 6 September 2023 / Published: 8 September 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Advances in Rehabilitation and Prevention)
Versions Notes

Abstract

The risk of pneumonia and death is higher in acute stroke patients with signs of pulmonary infection on chest computed tomography (CT) at admission. However, few reports have examined the incidence of pneumonia and its predictors in subacute stroke patients. The aim of this study was to examine factors related to post-stroke pneumonia in subacute stroke patients. A total of 340 subacute stroke patients were included. Univariable logistic regression analysis was performed using variables that may contribute to pneumonia, with the development of pneumonia as the dependent variable. Multivariable logistic regression analysis using the three independent variables with the lowest p-values on the univariable logistic regression analysis was also performed to calculate adjusted odds ratios. Twenty-two patients developed pneumonia during hospitalization. The univariable logistic regression analysis showed that the top three items were serum albumin (Alb), functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) score, and signs of pulmonary infection on chest CT at admission. Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for these three items showed that the presence of signs of pulmonary infection on chest CT at admission was the independent variable (OR: 4.45; 95% CI: 1.54–12.9). When signs of pulmonary infection are seen on admission chest CT, careful follow-up is necessary because pneumonia is significantly more likely to occur during hospitalization.
Keywords: subacute stroke; post-stroke pneumonia; rehabilitation; predictors; comprehensive rehabilitation ward subacute stroke; post-stroke pneumonia; rehabilitation; predictors; comprehensive rehabilitation ward

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tashima, H.; Ito, M.; Kawakami, M.; Ishii, R.; Miyazaki, Y.; Akimoto, T.; Tsujikawa, M.; Kobayashi, K.; Kondo, K.; Tsuji, T. Risk Factors for Post-Stroke Pneumonia in a Patient Population with Subacute Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 5835. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185835

AMA Style

Tashima H, Ito M, Kawakami M, Ishii R, Miyazaki Y, Akimoto T, Tsujikawa M, Kobayashi K, Kondo K, Tsuji T. Risk Factors for Post-Stroke Pneumonia in a Patient Population with Subacute Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(18):5835. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185835

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tashima, Hiroyuki, Mari Ito, Michiyuki Kawakami, Ryota Ishii, Yuta Miyazaki, Tomonori Akimoto, Masahiro Tsujikawa, Keigo Kobayashi, Kunitsugu Kondo, and Tetsuya Tsuji. 2023. "Risk Factors for Post-Stroke Pneumonia in a Patient Population with Subacute Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 18: 5835. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185835

APA Style

Tashima, H., Ito, M., Kawakami, M., Ishii, R., Miyazaki, Y., Akimoto, T., Tsujikawa, M., Kobayashi, K., Kondo, K., & Tsuji, T. (2023). Risk Factors for Post-Stroke Pneumonia in a Patient Population with Subacute Stroke: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(18), 5835. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12185835

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