The SARS-COV-2 Seroprevalence among Oncology Patients
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. The Characterisation and Location of the Study
2.2. Patient Population
2.3. Protocol for IgG/IgM Antibody Detection
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. General Characteristics
3.2. Seroprevalence of COVID-19
3.3. Vaccination in the Population
3.4. The Regression Model
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Count of Antibody Test Status | Percentage % | Overall Seropositivity % | |
---|---|---|---|
IgG and IgM positive | 95 | 12.50 | Positive= 33.16 |
IgG positive | 153 | 20.13 | |
IgM positive | 4 | 0.53 | |
Negative | 508 | 66.84 | Negative= 66.84 |
Total | 760 |
SARS-CoV-2 Seropositive | SARS-CoV-2 Seronegative | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (252) | % | n (508) | % | ||
Age (years) | 0.27 | ||||
<40 | 37 | 14.70 | 82 | 16.14 | |
40–69 | 163 | 64.70 | 345 | 67.91 | |
≥70 | 52 | 20.60 | 81 | 15.94 | |
Gender | 0.023 | ||||
Male | 106 | 42.06 | 171 | 33.66 | |
Female | 146 | 57.94 | 337 | 66.34 | |
Smoker | 0.009 | ||||
Yes | 32 | 12.70 | 71 | 13.98 | |
No | 208 | 82.54 | 431 | 84.84 | |
Ex-smoker | 12 | 4.76 | 6 | 1.18 | |
Co-morbidities | |||||
HIV | 0.14 | ||||
Yes | 57 | 22.62 | 92 | 18.11 | |
No | 195 | 77.38 | 416 | 81.89 | |
Hypertension | <0.001 | ||||
Yes | 89 | 35.32 | 66 | 12.99 | |
No | 163 | 64.68 | 442 | 87.01 | |
Diabetes | 0.941 | ||||
Yes | 52 | 20.63 | 106 | 20.87 | |
No | 200 | 79.37 | 402 | 79.13 | |
Cancer type | <0.001 | ||||
Breast Cancer | 39 | 15.48 | 158 | 31.10 | |
Gynaecologic Cancer | 79 | 31.35 | 83 | 16.34 | |
Colon and Rectal | 8 | 3.17 | 32 | 6.30 | |
Prostate | 81 | 32.14 | 82 | 16.14 | |
Others | 45 | 17.86 | 153 | 30.12 | |
Symptoms | 0.009 | ||||
Yes | 9 | 3.57 | 44 | 8.66 | |
No | 243 | 96.43 | 464 | 91.34 |
SARS-CoV-2 Seropositive | SARS-CoV-2 Seronegative | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (252) | % | n (508) | % | ||
Treatment Intent | <0.001 | ||||
Radical | 191 | 75.79 | 356 | 70.08 | |
Palliative | 10 | 3.97 | 123 | 24.21 | |
Others a | 51 | 20.24 | 29 | 5.71 | |
Previous Cancer Treatment | |||||
Chemotherapy | <0.001 | ||||
Yes | 16 | 6.35 | 85 | 16.73 | |
No | 236 | 93.65 | 423 | 83.27 | |
Radiotherapy | 0.397 | ||||
Yes | 32 | 12.70 | 54 | 10.63 | |
No | 220 | 87.30 | 454 | 89.37 | |
Zoladex | 0.531 | ||||
Yes | 1 | 0.40 | 4 | 0.79 | |
No | 251 | 99.60 | 504 | 99.21 | |
Surgery | <0.001 | ||||
Yes | 40 | 15.87 | 178 | 35.04 | |
No | 212 | 84.13 | 330 | 64.96 | |
Othersb | <0.001 | ||||
Yes | 174 | 69.05 | 265 | 52.17 | |
No | 78 | 30.95 | 243 | 47.83 | |
Current Cancer Treatment | |||||
Chemotherapy | <0.001 | ||||
Yes | 34 | 13.49 | 231 | 45.47 | |
No | 218 | 86.51 | 277 | 54.53 | |
Radiotherapy | <0.001 | ||||
Yes | 100 | 39.68 | 119 | 23.43 | |
No | 152 | 60.32 | 389 | 76.57 | |
Zoladex | 0.469 | ||||
Yes | 4 | 1.59 | 5 | 0.98 | |
No | 248 | 98.41 | 503 | 99.02 | |
Surgery | 0.612 | ||||
Yes | 1 | 0.40 | 1 | 0.20 | |
No | 251 | 99.60 | 507 | 99.80 | |
Othersb | <0.001 | ||||
Yes | 122 | 48.41 | 177 | 34.84 | |
No | 130 | 51.59 | 331 | 65.16 |
Odds Ratio (OR) | 95% CI | ||
---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | ||
Age Group | |||
<40 | Ref | ||
40–69 | 0.706 | 0.419 | 1.189 |
≥70 | 0.728 | 0.365 | 1.452 |
Gender | |||
Male | Ref | ||
Female | 0.773 | 0.404 | 1.479 |
Smoker | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.987 | 0.574 | 1.699 |
Ex-smoker | 2.154 | 0.704 | 6.591 |
Co-morbidities | |||
HIV | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 1.251 | 0.778 | 2.011 |
Hypertension | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 1.820 | 1.181 | 2.804 |
Diabetes | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 1.373 | 0.856 | 2.203 |
Cancer type | |||
Others | Ref | ||
Breast Cancer | 1.908 | 0.988 | 3.683 |
Colon and Rectal Cancer | 1.532 | 0.596 | 3.939 |
Gynaecologic Cancer | 2.224 | 1.187 | 4.166 |
Prostate Cancer | 2.500 | 1.290 | 4.844 |
Symptoms | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.661 | 0.265 | 1.407 |
Treatment Intent | |||
Others/None | Ref | ||
Radical | 0.081 | 0.031 | 0.210 |
Palliative | 0.303 | 0.161 | 0.571 |
Previous Cancer Treatment | |||
Chemotherapy | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.471 | 0.220 | 1.010 |
Radiotherapy | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.752 | 0.316 | 1.786 |
Zoladex | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.144 | 0.013 | 1.556 |
Surgery | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.411 | 0.179 | 0.943 |
Others/Completed/None | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.668 | 0.284 | 1.570 |
Current Cancer Treatment | |||
Chemotherapy | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.435 | 0.180 | 1.051 |
Radiotherapy | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 1.237 | 0.457 | 3.351 |
Zoladex | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.853 | 0.167 | 4.353 |
Surgery | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 2.522 | 0.123 | 51.689 |
Others/Completed/None | |||
No | Ref | ||
Yes | 0.956 | 0.325 | 2.814 |
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Kgatle, M.; Das, R.; Lawal, I.; Boshomane, T.; Mokoala, K.; Gaspar, C.; Mbokazi, L.; Nkambule, N.; Gow, V.; Ndlovu, H.; et al. The SARS-COV-2 Seroprevalence among Oncology Patients. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 529. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020529
Kgatle M, Das R, Lawal I, Boshomane T, Mokoala K, Gaspar C, Mbokazi L, Nkambule N, Gow V, Ndlovu H, et al. The SARS-COV-2 Seroprevalence among Oncology Patients. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(2):529. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020529
Chicago/Turabian StyleKgatle, Mankgopo, Rajesh Das, Ismaheel Lawal, Tebatso Boshomane, Kgomotso Mokoala, Cattleya Gaspar, Lydia Mbokazi, Nonhlanhla Nkambule, Veronique Gow, Honest Ndlovu, and et al. 2023. "The SARS-COV-2 Seroprevalence among Oncology Patients" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 2: 529. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12020529