The Sympathetic Nervous System in Hypertensive Heart Failure with Preserved LVEF
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Cardiac Sympathetic Control
3. SNS Overactivity in Hypertension
4. SNS Overactivity in Hypertensive Heart Failure with Preserved LVEF
5. Evaluation of SNS Activity in Heart Failure
6. Therapeutic Implications
6.1. Medical Neuromodulation
6.2. Nonpharmacological Neuromodulation
7. GAPS in Evidence and Future Directions
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Triposkiadis, F.; Briasoulis, A.; Sarafidis, P.; Magouliotis, D.; Athanasiou, T.; Paraskevaidis, I.; Skoularigis, J.; Xanthopoulos, A. The Sympathetic Nervous System in Hypertensive Heart Failure with Preserved LVEF. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 6486. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12206486
Triposkiadis F, Briasoulis A, Sarafidis P, Magouliotis D, Athanasiou T, Paraskevaidis I, Skoularigis J, Xanthopoulos A. The Sympathetic Nervous System in Hypertensive Heart Failure with Preserved LVEF. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2023; 12(20):6486. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12206486
Chicago/Turabian StyleTriposkiadis, Filippos, Alexandros Briasoulis, Pantelis Sarafidis, Dimitrios Magouliotis, Thanos Athanasiou, Ioannis Paraskevaidis, John Skoularigis, and Andrew Xanthopoulos. 2023. "The Sympathetic Nervous System in Hypertensive Heart Failure with Preserved LVEF" Journal of Clinical Medicine 12, no. 20: 6486. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12206486