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Review

Advances in MRI-Based Assessment of Rectal Cancer Post-Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Comprehensive Review

by
Joao Miranda
1,2,*,
Pamela Causa Andrieu
3,
Josip Nincevic
1,
Lucas de Padua Gomes de Farias
4,5,
Hala Khasawneh
6,
Yuki Arita
1,7,
Nir Stanietzky
8,
Maria Clara Fernandes
1,
Tiago Biachi De Castria
9,10 and
Natally Horvat
1
1
Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
2
Department of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, R. Dr. Ovidio Pires de Campos, 75 Cerqueira Cesar, Sao Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
3
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
4
Department of Radiology, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 91—Bela Vista, Sao Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
5
Department of Radiology, Allianca Saude, Av. Pres. Juscelino Kubitschek, 1830, Sao Paulo 01308-050, Brazil
6
Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
7
Department of Radiology, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
8
Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
9
Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffit Cancer Center, 12902 USF Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
10
Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(1), 172; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010172
Submission received: 7 November 2023 / Revised: 14 December 2023 / Accepted: 21 December 2023 / Published: 28 December 2023
(This article belongs to the Section Oncology)
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Abstract

Rectal cancer presents significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges, with neoadjuvant therapy playing a pivotal role in improving resectability and patient outcomes. MRI serves as a critical tool in assessing treatment response. However, differentiating viable tumor tissue from therapy-induced changes on MRI remains a complex task. In this comprehensive review, we explore treatment options for rectal cancer based on resectability status, focusing on the role of MRI in guiding therapeutic decisions. We delve into the nuances of MRI-based evaluation of treatment response following neoadjuvant therapy, paying particular attention to emerging techniques like radiomics. Drawing from our insights based on the literature, we provide essential recommendations for post-neoadjuvant therapy management of rectal cancer, all within the context of MRI-based findings.
Keywords: rectal cancer; neoadjuvant therapy; magnetic resonance imaging; treatment response rectal cancer; neoadjuvant therapy; magnetic resonance imaging; treatment response

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MDPI and ACS Style

Miranda, J.; Causa Andrieu, P.; Nincevic, J.; Gomes de Farias, L.d.P.; Khasawneh, H.; Arita, Y.; Stanietzky, N.; Fernandes, M.C.; De Castria, T.B.; Horvat, N. Advances in MRI-Based Assessment of Rectal Cancer Post-Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010172

AMA Style

Miranda J, Causa Andrieu P, Nincevic J, Gomes de Farias LdP, Khasawneh H, Arita Y, Stanietzky N, Fernandes MC, De Castria TB, Horvat N. Advances in MRI-Based Assessment of Rectal Cancer Post-Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(1):172. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010172

Chicago/Turabian Style

Miranda, Joao, Pamela Causa Andrieu, Josip Nincevic, Lucas de Padua Gomes de Farias, Hala Khasawneh, Yuki Arita, Nir Stanietzky, Maria Clara Fernandes, Tiago Biachi De Castria, and Natally Horvat. 2024. "Advances in MRI-Based Assessment of Rectal Cancer Post-Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Comprehensive Review" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 1: 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010172

APA Style

Miranda, J., Causa Andrieu, P., Nincevic, J., Gomes de Farias, L. d. P., Khasawneh, H., Arita, Y., Stanietzky, N., Fernandes, M. C., De Castria, T. B., & Horvat, N. (2024). Advances in MRI-Based Assessment of Rectal Cancer Post-Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Comprehensive Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(1), 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010172

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