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10.3390/jcm13113232
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Background:
Systematic Review

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Atypical Spitz Tumor: A Systematic Review

by
Marcodomenico Mazza
1,
Francesco Cavallin
2,
Elisa Galasso
3,
Paolo Del Fiore
1,*,
Rocco Cappellesso
4,
Fortunato Cassalia
5,
Saveria Tropea
1,
Irene Russo
1,
Mauro Alaibac
3,† and
Simone Mocellin
1,3,†
1
Soft-Tissue, Peritoneum and Melanoma Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy
2
Independent Statistician, 36020 Solagna, Italy
3
Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences (DISCOG), University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
4
Pathological Anatomy Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35121 Padua, Italy
5
Unit of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(11), 3232; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113232
Submission received: 19 March 2024 / Revised: 29 April 2024 / Accepted: 16 May 2024 / Published: 30 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Skin Cancer: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment)
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Abstract

Background: Atypical Spitz tumor (AST) is an intermediate category among Spitz melanocytic neoplasms. Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) has been proposed in the clinical management of AST patients, but this approach remains the subject of debate. This systematic review aims to summarize the available evidence on SNB procedures in AST patients. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted, including MEDLINE/Pubmed, EMBASE, and SCOPUS, through April 2023. Case series, cohort studies, and case–control studies of AST patients were eligible for inclusion. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Results: Twenty-two studies with a total of 756 AST patients were included. The pooled SNB prevalence was 54% (95% CI 32 to 75%), with substantial heterogeneity (I2 90%). The pooled SNB+ prevalence was 35% (95% CI 25 to 46%) with moderate heterogeneity (I2 39%). Lymphadenectomy was performed in 0–100% of SNB+ patients. Overall survival rates ranged from 93% to 100%, and disease-free survival ranged from 87% to 100% in AST patients. Overall and disease-free survival rates were 100% in SNB patients. Pooled survival estimates were not calculated due to the heterogeneous timing of the survival assessment and/or the small size of the subgroups. All studies clearly reported inclusion criteria and measured the condition in a standard way for all participants, but only 50% indicated valid methods for the identification of the condition. Conclusions: The oncologic behavior of AST is related to an almost always favorable outcome. SNB does not seem to be relevant as a staging or prognostic procedure, and its indication remains debatable and controversial.
Keywords: skin neoplasm; spitz tumor; atypical; sentinel lymph node biopsy; systematic review skin neoplasm; spitz tumor; atypical; sentinel lymph node biopsy; systematic review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Mazza, M.; Cavallin, F.; Galasso, E.; Del Fiore, P.; Cappellesso, R.; Cassalia, F.; Tropea, S.; Russo, I.; Alaibac, M.; Mocellin, S. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Atypical Spitz Tumor: A Systematic Review. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 3232. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113232

AMA Style

Mazza M, Cavallin F, Galasso E, Del Fiore P, Cappellesso R, Cassalia F, Tropea S, Russo I, Alaibac M, Mocellin S. Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Atypical Spitz Tumor: A Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(11):3232. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113232

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mazza, Marcodomenico, Francesco Cavallin, Elisa Galasso, Paolo Del Fiore, Rocco Cappellesso, Fortunato Cassalia, Saveria Tropea, Irene Russo, Mauro Alaibac, and Simone Mocellin. 2024. "Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Atypical Spitz Tumor: A Systematic Review" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 11: 3232. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113232

APA Style

Mazza, M., Cavallin, F., Galasso, E., Del Fiore, P., Cappellesso, R., Cassalia, F., Tropea, S., Russo, I., Alaibac, M., & Mocellin, S. (2024). Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Atypical Spitz Tumor: A Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(11), 3232. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113232

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