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Article

Hospitalizations for Acute Otitis and Sinusitis in Patients Living with HIV: A Retrospective Analysis of a Tertiary Center in Romania

by
Vlad Ștefan Pleșca
1,2,†,
Victor Daniel Miron
1,2,†,
Adrian Gabriel Marinescu
1,2,*,
Anca Cristina Drăgănescu
1,2,
Anca Doina Pleșca
1,
Oana Săndulescu
1,2,3,
Cătălina Voiosu
1,
Răzvan Hainăroșie
1 and
Anca Streinu-Cercel
1,2,3
1
Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
2
National Institute of Infectious Diseases “Prof. Dr. Matei Balș”, 021105 Bucharest, Romania
3
Academy of Romanian Scientists (AOSR), 050044 Bucharest, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(11), 3346; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113346
Submission received: 23 April 2024 / Revised: 18 May 2024 / Accepted: 30 May 2024 / Published: 6 June 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Aspects of Infectious Diseases)
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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Acute or chronic ear, nose and throat (ENT) conditions in people living with HIV can lead to hospitalization and affect their quality of life. The aim of our study was to determine the frequency and characteristics of hospitalizations for acute sinusitis (AS) and acute otitis (AO) in people living with HIV. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis over the course of six years (from January 2018 to December 2023), assessing all hospitalizations for AS and/or AO occurring in patients living with HIV, at the largest infectious diseases hospital in Romania. Results: We identified a total of 179 cases, among which 149 cases (83.2%) were attributed to AS and 41 cases (22.9%) were due to AO. Among cases of AS, maxillary sinuses were most frequently involved (n = 140/149, 94.0%), and among cases of AO, acute congestive otitis media (n = 14, 34.1%) and acute purulent otitis media (n = 13, 31.7%) were the most common forms. The underlying HIV infection was classified as stage C3 in 57.5% of cases. In 19.6% of cases, it was possible to identify either the trigger or the etiological agent, and the most frequent bacterial pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study highlights that hospitalizations due to acute sinus and ear involvement are not isolated events in people living with HIV. A prospective follow-up is needed to gain a deeper and more dynamic understanding of how ENT health is affected in people with HIV infection. Furthermore, promoting prevention through vaccination may reduce to a certain extent the burden of ENT infections in this population.
Keywords: HIV; acute sinusitis; acute otitis; hospitalization HIV; acute sinusitis; acute otitis; hospitalization

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MDPI and ACS Style

Pleșca, V.Ș.; Miron, V.D.; Marinescu, A.G.; Drăgănescu, A.C.; Pleșca, A.D.; Săndulescu, O.; Voiosu, C.; Hainăroșie, R.; Streinu-Cercel, A. Hospitalizations for Acute Otitis and Sinusitis in Patients Living with HIV: A Retrospective Analysis of a Tertiary Center in Romania. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 3346. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113346

AMA Style

Pleșca VȘ, Miron VD, Marinescu AG, Drăgănescu AC, Pleșca AD, Săndulescu O, Voiosu C, Hainăroșie R, Streinu-Cercel A. Hospitalizations for Acute Otitis and Sinusitis in Patients Living with HIV: A Retrospective Analysis of a Tertiary Center in Romania. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(11):3346. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113346

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pleșca, Vlad Ștefan, Victor Daniel Miron, Adrian Gabriel Marinescu, Anca Cristina Drăgănescu, Anca Doina Pleșca, Oana Săndulescu, Cătălina Voiosu, Răzvan Hainăroșie, and Anca Streinu-Cercel. 2024. "Hospitalizations for Acute Otitis and Sinusitis in Patients Living with HIV: A Retrospective Analysis of a Tertiary Center in Romania" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 11: 3346. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113346

APA Style

Pleșca, V. Ș., Miron, V. D., Marinescu, A. G., Drăgănescu, A. C., Pleșca, A. D., Săndulescu, O., Voiosu, C., Hainăroșie, R., & Streinu-Cercel, A. (2024). Hospitalizations for Acute Otitis and Sinusitis in Patients Living with HIV: A Retrospective Analysis of a Tertiary Center in Romania. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(11), 3346. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13113346

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