Complications and Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Various Etiologies of Early-Onset Scoliosis Treated with Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods—A Multicenter Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Setting and Patients
2.2. Outcome Parameters
2.3. Surgical Technique and Postoperative Use of MCGRs
2.4. Complications and Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL)
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patients’ Characteristics
3.2. Analysis of the Subgroups Complications
4. Discussion
Limitations
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Complications | N = 161 Pts, (%) | Action |
---|---|---|
Pneumothorax due to intrathecal catheter | 5 (3.1%) | Conservative treatment/full recovery within 8 days of surgery |
Horner syndrome | 2 (1.3%) | Conservative treatment/full recovery within 21 days of surgery |
Dural tear | 3 (1.9%) | Full recovery after revision surgery |
Deep wound infection | 2 (1.3%) | Full recovery after revision surgery |
Superficial wound infection | 3 (1.9%) | Conservative treatment/full recovery within 30 days of surgery |
Pull-out upper construct | 2 (1.3%) | Full recovery after revision surgery |
Transient neurological deficit | 2 (1.3%) | Conservative treatment/full recovery within 14 days of surgery |
Radiculopathy | 2 (1.3%) | Conservative treatment/full recovery within 21 days of surgery |
Irritation of the lateral thigh cutaneous nerve | 6 (3.7%) | Conservative treatment/full recovery within 30 days of surgery |
Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome (SMAS) | 2 (1.3%) | Conservative treatment/full recovery within 14 days of surgery |
Pneumonia | 4 (2.5%) | Conservative treatment/full recovery within 14 days of surgery |
TOTAL | 33 (20.5%) | 7 (4.3%) revision surgeries |
Complications | N = 161 Pts, (%) | Action |
---|---|---|
Deep wound infection | 2 (1.3%) | Full recovery after revision surgery |
Superficial wound infection | 3 (1.9%) | Conservative treatment |
Radiculopathy | 2 (1.3%) | Conservative treatment/full recovery after physiotherapy |
Back pain | 8 (5%) | Conservative treatment/physiotherapy |
Subcutaneous pneumothorax | 1 (0.6%) | Conservative treatment |
TOTAL | 16 (10%) | 2 (1.3%) revision surgeries |
Demographic/Complications n = 161 | A Number of Patients with at Least One Late Complication n = 57 | B Number of Patients with No Late Complications n = 104 | p-Value A vs. B |
---|---|---|---|
N (%) | 57 (35%) | 104 (65%) | |
Age in years (SD) at insertion of MCGR (range) | 6.8 (2.9) | 6.42 (2.03) | N. S. |
(2.5–13.5) | (3.5–11) | ||
Mean (SD) FU, months | |||
(range) | 37.5 (24.5) | 31.2 (26.2) | N. S. |
(12–68) | (12–68) | ||
Gender, n (%) | |||
Male | 14 (9%) | 57 (35%) | N. S. |
Female p-Value (a. vs. b.) | 43 (27%) p < 0.001 | 47 (29%) N. S. | N. S. |
Etiology, n (%) | |||
Congenital | 7 (4%) | 4 (2.5%) | N. S. |
Idiopathic | 16 (10%) | 42 (26%) | N. S. |
Neuromuscular | 21 (13%) | 29 (18%) | N. S. |
Syndromic | 13 (8%) | 29 (18%) | N. S. |
Rod diameter, n (%) of pts | |||
a. 4.5 mm, 5.0 mm | 32 (20%) | 22 (14%) | N. S. |
b. 5.5 mm, 6.0 mm | 20 (12%) | 87 (54%) | N. S. |
p-Value (a. vs. b.) | p < 0.05 | N. S. | |
Rods length, n (%) of pts | |||
a. 70 mm | 34 (21%) | 35 (22%) | |
b. 90 mm | 18 (11%) | 74 (46%) | |
p-Value (a. vs. b.) | p < 0.001 | N. S. | |
Patients’ age, n (%) | |||
a. less than 6 y.o | 35 (22%) | 38 (23%) | N. S. |
b. more than 6 y.o | 17 (11%) | 71 (44%) | N. S. |
p-Value (a. vs. b.) | p < 0.001 | N. S. | |
MC, n (%) | |||
a. more than 90 degrees | 38 (23%) | 28 (19%) | N. S. |
b. less than 90 degrees | 14 (8%) | 81 (50%) | N. S. |
p-Value (a. vs. b.) | p < 0.001 | N. S. |
Complications | IS (n = 58) | SS (n = 42) | NS (n = 51) | CS (n = 10) | Total Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infection | |||||
Superficial | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
Deep | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 4 |
Total infection rate | 1 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 7 (4.3%) |
Anchor pull-out | |||||
Upper | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Lower | 0 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
Total anchor pull-out | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 8 (5%) |
Rod breakage | 4 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 11 (6.8%) |
Pin fracture | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 6 (3.8%) |
Distraction failure | 7 | 3 | 5 | 3 | 18 (12%) |
Adding on | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.6%) |
PJK | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 6 (3.8%) |
Total | 16 (10%) | 13 (8%) | 21 (13%) | 7 (4%) | 57 (35%) |
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Glowka, P.; Grabala, P.; Gupta, M.C.; Pereira, D.E.; Latalski, M.; Danielewicz, A.; Grabala, M.; Tomaszewski, M.; Kotwicki, T. Complications and Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Various Etiologies of Early-Onset Scoliosis Treated with Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods—A Multicenter Study. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 4068. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144068
Glowka P, Grabala P, Gupta MC, Pereira DE, Latalski M, Danielewicz A, Grabala M, Tomaszewski M, Kotwicki T. Complications and Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Various Etiologies of Early-Onset Scoliosis Treated with Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods—A Multicenter Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(14):4068. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144068
Chicago/Turabian StyleGlowka, Pawel, Pawel Grabala, Munish C. Gupta, Daniel E. Pereira, Michal Latalski, Anna Danielewicz, Michal Grabala, Marek Tomaszewski, and Tomasz Kotwicki. 2024. "Complications and Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Various Etiologies of Early-Onset Scoliosis Treated with Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods—A Multicenter Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 14: 4068. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144068