Serotonin-Mediated Anti-Allodynic Effect of Yokukansan on Diabetes-Induced Neuropathic Pain
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Animals
2.2. Drugs
2.3. Animal Model and Animal Behavioral Test
2.4. Immunological Assessment of Glial Cell Changes by Immunostaining of the Spinal Cord
2.5. 5-HT Synthesis Inhibitors and 5-HT Receptor Antagonists
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Experimental Animals
3.2. Diabetes Effectively Decreased the Withdrawal Threshold
3.3. YKS Improved Allodynia
3.4. YKS Prevented Microglia Activation
3.5. Effects of YKS on Serotonin in the Spinal Cord
3.6. YKS Was Mediated by 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A/2C, and 5-HT3 Receptors
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Name | Amount |
---|---|
Atractylodes lancea rhizome | 4.0 g |
Poria sclerotium | 4.0 g |
Cnidium rhizome | 3.0 g |
Uncaria hook | 3.0 g |
Angelica root | 3.0 g |
Bupleurum root | 2.0 g |
Glycyrrhiza | 1.5 g |
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Kajikawa, Y.; Yokomi, H.; Narasaki, S.; Kamiya, S.; Miyoshi, H.; Kato, T.; Tsutsumi, Y.M. Serotonin-Mediated Anti-Allodynic Effect of Yokukansan on Diabetes-Induced Neuropathic Pain. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 4276. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144276
Kajikawa Y, Yokomi H, Narasaki S, Kamiya S, Miyoshi H, Kato T, Tsutsumi YM. Serotonin-Mediated Anti-Allodynic Effect of Yokukansan on Diabetes-Induced Neuropathic Pain. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(14):4276. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144276
Chicago/Turabian StyleKajikawa, Yoko, Hiroshi Yokomi, Soshi Narasaki, Satoshi Kamiya, Hirotsugu Miyoshi, Takahiro Kato, and Yasuo M. Tsutsumi. 2024. "Serotonin-Mediated Anti-Allodynic Effect of Yokukansan on Diabetes-Induced Neuropathic Pain" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 14: 4276. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144276