Comparing Sarcopenia Definitions and Muscle Power Reduction: Associations with Health Outcomes in Spanish Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Eligibility Criteria
2.3. Procedures
2.3.1. Sarcopenia Assessment
2.3.2. Clinical Profile
2.3.3. Single Sit-to-Stand Muscle Power Test
2.4. Data Analysis from the Sit to Stand App
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Participant Characteristics
3.2. Associations between Sarcopenia and Muscle Power with Health-Related Outcomes
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Outcome | Women | Men |
---|---|---|
Number of participants (%) | 406 (59.2) | 280 (40.8) |
Age (years) | 71 (68–75) | 72 (68–76) |
Height (m) | 1.55 (0.06) | 1.68 (0.06) |
Body mass (kg) | 66 (59.6–73.2) | 79.3 (71.6–88.5) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 27.4 (24.4–30.1) | 28.1 (25.8–31.2) |
ALM (kg) | 14.4 (13.1–15.7) | 20.2 (18.7–22.3) |
ALMheight (kg/m2) | 5.9 (5.5–6.4) | 7.2 (6.7–7.7) |
ALMBMI | 0.52 (0.48–0.57) | 0.72 (0.67–0.77) |
Femur length (m) | 0.36 (0.34–0.38) | 0.39 (0.36–0.4) |
Handgrip strength (kg) | 22.6 (4.3) | 37.5 (6.8) |
5STS (s) | 12.1 (10.6–14.1) | 12.2 (10.7–14.2) |
UGS (m/s) | 1.19 (0.25) | 1.19 (0.26) |
SPPB (pt) | 12 (11–12) | 12 (11–12) |
Muscle power (W/kg) | 5.0 (1.1) | 5.89 (1.0) |
Physical activity levels (%) | ||
Sedentary | 49 (12.1) | 61 (21.8) |
Physically active | 357 (87.9) | 219 (78.2) |
Sarcopenia prevalence (%) | ||
FNIH | 15 (3.7) | 11 (3.9) |
EWGSOP2 | 56 (13.8) | 29 (10.4) |
AWGS | 85 (20.9) | 61 (21.8) |
SDOC | 10 (2.5) | 13 (4.6) |
Reduced muscle power (%) | 134 (33) | 94 (33) |
FNIH | EWGSOP2 | AWGS | SDOC | Reduced Muscle Power | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Health Outcome | OR (95% CI) | Adjusted | OR (95% CI) | Adjusted | OR (95% CI) | Adjusted | OR (95% CI) | Adjusted | OR (95% CI) | Adjusted |
Low educational attainment (n, 319) | 3.69 (1.46–9.37) * | 1.95 (0.73–5.18) | 1.76 (1.11–2.8) * | 1.53 (0.92–2.56) | 1.35 (0.93–1.95) | 1.94 (1.27–2.98) * | 5.57 (1.87–16.5) * | 3.25 (1.05–10.1) * | 1.89 (1.37–2.61) * | 1.45 (1.02–2.04) * |
Low income (n, 97) | 1.93 (0.75–4.99) | 1.15 (0.43–3.2) | 1.46 (0.8–2.65) | 1.23 (0.64–2.36) | 1.23 (0.74–2.04) | 1.58 (0.88–2.83) | 1.69 (0.61–4.69) | 1.06 (0.36–3.12) | 1.77 (1.14–2.76) * | 1.44 (0.9–2.3) |
Comorbidities (n, 527) | 7.87 (1.06–58.5) * | 5.55 (0.72–42.8) | 2.47 (1.25–4.91) * | 2.33 (1.23–4.81) * | 1.21 (0.77–1.9) | 1.66 (1.01–2.73) * | 2.05 (0.6–6.99) | 1.61 (0.44–5.9) | 2.46 (1.6–3.79) * | 2.05 (1.3–3.22) * |
Polypharmacy (n, 145) | 2.42 (1.07–5.45) * | 1.33 (0.55–3.2) | 2.44 (1.5–3.96) * | 2.55 (1.47–4.41) * | 1.11 (0.71–1.72 | 1.55 (0.93–2.59) | 11.8 (4.55–30.5) * | 7.93 (2.92–21.5) * | 1.97 (1.36–2.87) * | 1.5 (1.1–2.24) * |
Poor self-perceived health (n, 133) | 4.5 (2.03–9.95) * | 3.22 (1.37–7.58) * | 2.47 (1.51–4.06) * | 2.55 (1.46–4.44) * | 1.04 (0.66–1.65) | 1.43 (0.84–2.42) | 4.06 (1.75–9.43) * | 3.12 (1.26–7.23) * | 2.67 (1.82–3.93) * | 2.26 (1.5–3.4) * |
Depression (n, 129) | 2.84 (1.26–6.42) * | 2.13 (0.89–5.1) | 1.99 (1.19–3.32) * | 1.84 (1.05–3.24) * | 0.97 (0.61–1.56) | 1.09 (0.64–1.85) | 1.94 (0.78–4.82) | 1.51 (0.57–3.95) | 1.79 (1.2–2.64) * | 1.6 (1.06–2.42) * |
Falls (n, 85) | 1.72 (0.63–4.69) | 1.34 (0.46–3.89) | 1.78 (0.98–3.24) | 1.64 (0.85–3.17) | 1.64 (0.99–2.73) | 2.12 (1.17–3.83) * | 1.51 (0.5–4.5) | 1.3 (0.41–4.17) | 1.84 (1.16–2.91) * | 1.74 (1.1–2.83) * |
Hospitalizations (n, 90) | 1.61 (0.59–4.37) | 1.5 (0.51–4.38) | 2.18 (1.23–3.84) * | 2.23 (1.19–4.18) * | 1.62 (0.98–2.67) | 1.49 (0.85–2.64) | 3.05 (1.22–7.63) * | 2.83 (1.05–7.64) * | 1.13 (0.71–1.8) | 1.18 (0.72–1.93) |
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Ruiz-Cárdenas, J.D.; Rodríguez-Juan, J.J.; Martínez-García, M.d.M.; Montemurro, A. Comparing Sarcopenia Definitions and Muscle Power Reduction: Associations with Health Outcomes in Spanish Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 4988. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13174988
Ruiz-Cárdenas JD, Rodríguez-Juan JJ, Martínez-García MdM, Montemurro A. Comparing Sarcopenia Definitions and Muscle Power Reduction: Associations with Health Outcomes in Spanish Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(17):4988. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13174988
Chicago/Turabian StyleRuiz-Cárdenas, Juan Diego, Juan José Rodríguez-Juan, María del Mar Martínez-García, and Alessio Montemurro. 2024. "Comparing Sarcopenia Definitions and Muscle Power Reduction: Associations with Health Outcomes in Spanish Community-Dwelling Older Adults" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 17: 4988. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13174988