Multimodality Imaging for Right Ventricular Function Assessment in Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Anatomy and Physiology of Right Ventricle
3. Multimodality Imaging in Right Ventricular Function Evaluation
4. Echocardiography
5. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
6. Cardiac Computed Tomography
7. Right Ventricle and Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation: A Comprehensive Assessment
8. Conventional Echocardiographic Indices
9. Right Ventricular Free Wall Longitudinal Strain
10. Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction
11. Right Ventricular–Pulmonary Arterial Coupling
12. CMR
13. CCT
14. Use of Multimodality Imaging to Assess Rv Function
15. Future Perspective
16. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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RV Function Indices | Advantages | Disadvantages |
---|---|---|
TAPSE | Easy and fast Wide availability Reproducibility Prognostic role | Angle and load dependency Reflects only RV systolic longitudinal function Excludes the contribution of interventricular septum and RVOT to systolic phase |
TDI-S’ velocity | Easy and fast Wide availability Reproducibility Prognostic role | Angle and load dependency Reflects only RV systolic longitudinal function Excludes the contribution of interventricular septum and RVOT to systolic phase |
RV-FAC | Easy Wide availability Reflects RV systolic radial function Correlation with RVEF-CMR derived Prognostic role | Load dependency Dependency on quality images Low reproducibility Time-consuming Excludes the contribution of RVOT to systolic phase |
RV-FWLS | Less angle and load dependency Reproducibility Correlation with RVEF-CMR derived Strong prognostic role | Dependency on quality images Low availability Time-consuming Dependency of post-processing phase Dependency of vendor for reference values |
3D-RVEF | Not based on geometric assumptions Strong correlation with RVEF-CMR derived Strong prognostic role | Load dependency Dependency on quality images Low availability Time-consuming Necessity of regular cardiac rhythm and patient compliance (use of multibeat acquisition modality) Dependency of post-processing phase Dependency of specific analysis software |
Authors | Protocol | Patients | Target | Parameters | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietz et al. [58] | Observational registry | 1298 | Severe functional TR treated medically | TAPSE |
|
Dreyfus et al. [59] | Observational registry | 466 | Severe primary or functional TR treated surgically | TAPSE TDI-S’ RV-FAC |
|
Subbotina et al. [60] | Observational retrospective study | 191 | Significant TR treated surgically | TAPSE |
|
Algarni et al. [61] | Observational retrospective study | 548 | Functional TR treated surgically with concomitant left-side valve surgery | TAPSE |
|
Karam et al. [62] | Observational study | 249 | Moderate/Severe TR treated with transcatheter edge-to-edge valve repair | TAPSE RV-FAC |
|
Kresoja et al. [54] | Observational study | 79 | Significant symptomatic TR treated with transcatheter edge-to-edge valve repair | TAPSE |
|
Tanaka et al. [63] | Observational retrospective study | 204 | Significant symptomatic TR treated with transcatheter edge-to-edge valve repair | RV-FAC |
|
Authors | Protocol | Patients | Target | RV-FWLS Cut-Off (Absolute Values) | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Prihadi et al. [65] | Observational study | 896 | Moderate and severe functional TR | 23% |
|
Ancona et al. [66] | Observational study | 250 | Severe TR (mostly functional) | 17% (hospitalization for RV heart failure) 14% (all-cause mortality) |
|
Hinojar et al. [67] | Observational study | 151 | Severe, massive or torrential functional TR | - |
|
Bannehr et al. [68] | Observational study | 1089 | Mild, moderate and severe TR | 18% |
|
Wang et al. [69] | Observational study | 262 | Isolated severe TR | 11% |
|
Kim et al. [71] | Observational study | 115 | Isolated severe functional TR treated surgically | 24% |
|
Akintoye et al. [70] | Observational retrospective study | 325 | Moderate to severe or severe asymptomatic TR | 19% |
|
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Melillo, F.; Fabiani, D.; Santoro, A.; Oro, P.; Frecentese, F.; Salemme, L.; Tesorio, T.; Agricola, E.; De Bonis, M.; Lorusso, R. Multimodality Imaging for Right Ventricular Function Assessment in Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 5076. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175076
Melillo F, Fabiani D, Santoro A, Oro P, Frecentese F, Salemme L, Tesorio T, Agricola E, De Bonis M, Lorusso R. Multimodality Imaging for Right Ventricular Function Assessment in Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(17):5076. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175076
Chicago/Turabian StyleMelillo, Francesco, Dario Fabiani, Alessandro Santoro, Pietro Oro, Francesca Frecentese, Luigi Salemme, Tullio Tesorio, Eustachio Agricola, Michele De Bonis, and Roberto Lorusso. 2024. "Multimodality Imaging for Right Ventricular Function Assessment in Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 17: 5076. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175076