Use of Traditional Japanese Herbal Medicine Daikenchuto for the Treatment of Abdominal Distention in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patients and Data Collection
2.2. Nutritional Policy for VLBW Infants
2.3. DKT Administration
2.4. Evaluation of Clinical Parameters and Manifestations
2.5. Evaluation of Abdominal Gas Areas
2.6. Evaluation of Adverse Effects
2.7. Statistical Analyses
2.8. Ethics Approval
3. Results
3.1. Samples
3.2. Changes in Clinical Data and GVS
3.3. Adverse Effects
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Before Treatment | ≤1 Week of Treatment | 1–2 Weeks of Treatment | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, day after birth | 16 (6.3–42) | 21 (12–45) | 30 (21–57) | 0.023 |
Days after the start of treatment, days | - | 3 (2–4) | 14 (9–16) | <0.001 |
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 21 (88) | 20 (83) | 15 (63) | 0.086 |
Feeding volume, mL/day | 104 (29–138) | 123 (74–142) | 139 (127–148) | 0.004 |
Degree of abdominal distention, grade 0:1:2:3 * | 0:3:10:11 | 0:4:19:1 | 0:6:17:1 | 0.004 |
Frequency of defecation, /day | 4 (3–6) | 6 (3–6) | 6 (5–6) | 0.10 |
Glycerin enema frequency, /day | 5 (3–6) | 6 (3–6) | 6 (3–6) | 0.49 |
Gastric residual volume, mL/day | 5 (4–8) | 4 (3–6) | 4.5 (0.5–5.8) | 0.14 |
Gas volume score (GVS) | 0.40 (0.31–0.49) | 0.30 (0.24–0.38) | 0.31 (0.23–0.35) | 0.008 |
Reduction of GVS, n (%) | - | 22 (92) | 20 (83) | 0.39 |
≥20% reduction of GVS, n (%) | - | 11 (46) | 11 (46) | 1.0 |
Reduction Rate ≥ 20% (n = 11) | Reduction Rate < 20% (n = 13) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Sex (male), n (%) | 8 (73) | 9 (69) | 0.91 |
Gestational age, weeks | 27.7 (25.3–30.6) | 26.4 (24.5–29.2) | 0.46 |
Birth weight, g | 846 (558–1166) | 760 (620–1171) | 0.73 |
Premature rupture of membranes, n (%) | 3 (27) | 5 (38) | 0.65 |
Chorioamnionitis, n (%) | 2 (18) | 4 (31) | 0.61 |
Pregnancy-induced hypertension, n (%) | 3 (27) | 1 (8) | 0.42 |
Gestational diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 1 (9) | 0 (0) | 0.73 |
Antenatal steroid use, n (%) | 3 (27) | 3 (23) | 0.87 |
1 min Apgar score | 3 (1–4) | 3 (1–5) | 0.87 |
5 min Apgar score | 6 (5–8) | 7 (6–7) | 0.65 |
Respiratory distress syndrome, n (%) | 9 (82) | 10 (77) | 0.87 |
Patent ductus arteriosus, n (%) | 7 (64) | 10 (77) | 0.61 |
Intraventricular hemorrhage, n (%) | 1 (9) | 0 (0) | 0.73 |
Age at start of enteral feeding, day after birth | 3 (1–3) | 2 (2–3) | 1.00 |
Age at time of full enteral feeding, day after birth | 15 (12–29) | 14 (12–19) | 0.96 |
Age at start of treatment, day after birth | 28(15–42) | 10 (8–51) | 0.33 |
Age at end of treatment, day after birth | 113 (45–130) | 75 (64–138) | 0.73 |
Treatment period, days | 48 (36–101) | 62 (42–98) | 0.69 |
At time of pre-treatment radiography | |||
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 8 (73) | 12 (92) | 0.42 |
Age, day after birth | 28 (15–42) | 8 (5–44) | 0.19 |
Feeding volume, mL/day | 110 (100–140) | 88 (20–120) | 0.17 |
Degree of abdominal distention, grade 0:1:2:3 * | 0:0:4:7 | 0:3:6:4 | 0.09 |
Frequency of defecation, /day | 6 (3–6) | 3 (3–6) | 0.13 |
Glycerin enema frequency, /day | 6 (3–6) | 3 (3–6) | 0.07 |
Gastric residual volume, mL/day | 4 (4–8) | 5 (4–9) | 0.65 |
At radiography within 1 week of initiation of treatment | |||
Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 8 (73) | 12 (92) | 0.42 |
Age, day after birth | 30 (18–45) | 15 (10–53) | 0.39 |
Days after the start of treatment, days | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–5) | 0.87 |
Feeding volume, mL/day | 135 (120–143) | 116 (68–136) | 0.28 |
Degree of abdominal distention, grade 0:1:2:3 * | 0:0:11:0 | 0:4:8:1 | 0.36 |
Frequency of defecation, /day | 6 (6–6) | 5 (3–6) | 0.21 |
Glycerin enema frequency, /day | 6 (6–6) | 6 (3–6) | 0.23 |
Gastric residual volume, mL/day | 4 (0–6) | 5 (4–8) | 0.25 |
Parameter | Pre-Treatment | Under Treatment | After Treatment (Pre-Discharge) | Reference Range | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 Week * | 2 Weeks * | ||||
Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 10.3 (2.6–13.0) | 6.0 (2.0–13.2) | 4.1 (2.3–11.0) | 3.8 (2.1–10.3) | 4–20 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.55 (0.20–0.90) | 0.44 (0.17–0.77) | 0.38 (0.16–0.71) | 0.22 (0.13–0.38) | 0.2–0.9 |
Aspartate transaminase (U/L) | 30.5 (17–45) | 29.5 (19–44) | 30.5 (21–45) | 34.5 (24–44) | 11–59 |
Alanine transaminase (U/L) | 7.5 (3–32) | 7.5 (2–31) | 7.5 (5–26) | 14.0 (6–26) | 4–30 |
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Iijima, S. Use of Traditional Japanese Herbal Medicine Daikenchuto for the Treatment of Abdominal Distention in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 5082. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175082
Iijima S. Use of Traditional Japanese Herbal Medicine Daikenchuto for the Treatment of Abdominal Distention in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(17):5082. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175082
Chicago/Turabian StyleIijima, Shigeo. 2024. "Use of Traditional Japanese Herbal Medicine Daikenchuto for the Treatment of Abdominal Distention in Very-Low-Birth-Weight Infants" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 17: 5082. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175082