Effect of Multi-Dose Dispensing on Medication Regimen Complexity: A Real-World Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design and Patients
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Study Outcome
Multi-Dose Dispensing (MMD)
2.4. MRCI Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Medical Wards | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Total (n = 1120) | Gastroenterology (n = 280) | Orthopedic Surgery (n = 280) | General Surgery (n = 280) | Otorhinolaryngology (n = 280) | p-Value |
Age, years, mean ± SD | 58.8 ± 18.6 | 67.1 ± 15.4 | 56.8 ± 20.0 | 59.9 ± 17.0 | 51.3 ± 18.1 | <0.001 |
Sex female, n (%) | 459 (40.9) | 99 (35.3) | 133 (47.5) | 113 (40.3) | 114 (40.7) | 0.03 |
Primary diagnosis, n (%) | ||||||
Gastrointestinal diseases | 316 (28.2) | 124 (44.2) | 0 (0.0) | 173 (61.7) | 19 (6.7) | <0.001 |
Neoplasms | 260 (23.2) | 128 (45.7) | 12 (4.2) | 76 (27.1) | 44 (15.7) | <0.001 |
Injury, poisoning, and certain other consequences of external causes | 141 (12.5) | 1 (0.3) | 130 (46.4) | 8 (2.8) | 2 (0.7) | <0.001 |
Respiratory diseases | 112 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 112 (40.0) | <0.001 |
Musculoskeletal diseases | 88 (7.8) | 0 (0.0) | 88 (31.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
Ear, nose, and throat diseases | 62 (5.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 62 (22.1) | <0.001 |
Skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases | 22 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (2.5) | 1 (0.3) | 14 (5.0) | <0.001 |
Cardiovascular diseases | 18 (1.6) | 4 (1.4) | 1 (0.3) | 13 (4.6) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases | 5 (0.4) | 2 (0.7) | 3 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001 |
Others | 96 (8.9) | 21 (7.7) | 39 (14.2) | 9 (3.5) | 27 (3.5) | <0.001 |
Length of stay (days), mean ± SD | 7.2 ± 7.9 | 6.1 ± 5.2 | 8.3 ± 8.9 | 9.9 ± 10.3 | 4.5 ± 4.9 | <0.001 |
Number of diagnoses except for principal diagnosis *, mean ± SD | 1.0 ± 1.5 | 2.0 ± 1.8 | 0.7 ± 1.2 | 0.9 ± 1.6 | 0.5 ± 0.8 | <0.001 |
Destination after discharge, n (%) | ||||||
Home | 1034 (92.3) | 267 (95.4) | 217 (77.5) | 273 (97.5) | 277 (98.9) | <0.001 |
Transferred to another hospital | 64 (5.7) | 10 (3.5) | 51 (18.2) | 2 (0.714) | 1 (0.357) | <0.001 |
Nursing home | 22 (1.9) | 3 (1.0) | 12 (4.2) | 5 (1.7) | 2 (0.7) | <0.001 |
Number of medication | 5.7 ± 3.2 | 5.8 ± 3.8 | 5.9 ± 3.4 | 5.1 ± 2.8 | 5.8 ± 2.6 | 0.021 |
Section A | 2.4 ± 1.9 | 2.3 ± 1.5 | 1.6 ± 1.2 | 1.3 ± 0.8 | 4.5 ± 2.2 | <0.001 |
Section B | 11.2 ± 5.6 | 11.5 ± 7.1 | 11.2 ± 5.2 | 10.0 ± 4.7 | 12.1 ± 4.6 | <0.001 |
Section C | 12.5 ± 7.4 | 12.3 ± 8.5 | 12.6 ± 7.3 | 10.6 ± 6.0 | 14.5 ± 7.1 | <0.001 |
A + B + C | 26.2 ± 13.4 | 26.2 ± 16.1 | 25.5 ± 12.6 | 21.9 ± 10.6 | 31.1 ± 11.9 | <0.001 |
Wards | Dose Frequency | Instructions | MRCI-K | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | −6.2 (4.6) | −0.8 (1.3) | −7.3(5.4) | <0.001 |
Gastrointestinal medicine | −5.4 (5.6) | −0.8 (1.4) | −6.2 (6.5) | |
Orthopedic surgery | −7.6 (4.7) | −0.8 (0.8) | −8.5 (5.1) | |
General surgery | −5.6 (4.2) | −0.3 (0.8) | −6 (4.6) | |
Otorhinolaryngology | −6.3 (3.4) | −1.2 (1.9) | −8.4 (4.8) |
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Lee, S.; Hahn, J.; Kim, H.; Chang, M.J. Effect of Multi-Dose Dispensing on Medication Regimen Complexity: A Real-World Study. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 1205. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13051205
Lee S, Hahn J, Kim H, Chang MJ. Effect of Multi-Dose Dispensing on Medication Regimen Complexity: A Real-World Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(5):1205. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13051205
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Sunmin, Jongsung Hahn, Heungjo Kim, and Min Jung Chang. 2024. "Effect of Multi-Dose Dispensing on Medication Regimen Complexity: A Real-World Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 5: 1205. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13051205
APA StyleLee, S., Hahn, J., Kim, H., & Chang, M. J. (2024). Effect of Multi-Dose Dispensing on Medication Regimen Complexity: A Real-World Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(5), 1205. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13051205