Next Article in Journal
Towards a Real-Life Understanding of the Altered Functional Behaviour of the Default Mode and Salience Network in Chronic Pain: Are People with Chronic Pain Overthinking the Meaning of Their Pain?
Previous Article in Journal
Nile Tilapia Skin Xenograft Versus Silver-Based Dressings in the Management of Partial-Thickness Burn Wounds: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
JCM
Volume 13
Issue 6
10.3390/jcm13061644
jcm-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite question_answer Discuss in SciProfiles
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
Review

A Benefit/Risk Assessment of Intrathecal Ziconotide in Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review

by
Emanuele Rubiu
1,†,
Francesco Restelli
1,*,†,
Vittoria Nazzi
1,
Elio Mazzapicchi
1,
Giulio Bonomo
1,
Pierlorenzo Veiceschi
2,
Tommaso Alfiero
3,
Gianluca Agresta
2,
Davide Locatelli
2 and
Alessandro Dario
2
1
Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, 20133 Milan, Italy
2
Department of Neurosurgery, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, 21100 Varese, Italy
3
Department of Neurosurgery, Legnano Hospital, 20025 Legnano, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(6), 1644; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061644
Submission received: 4 February 2024 / Revised: 2 March 2024 / Accepted: 8 March 2024 / Published: 13 March 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Clinical Neurology)
Browse Figure
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background: Ziconotide is an intrathecal drug administered for the treatment of chronic pain. The current literature lacks an exhaustive benefit/risk assessment on this drug. We herein focus on Ziconotide’s pharmacology and clinical applications. Methods: Literature research was conducted to identify studies on Ziconotide administration for the treatment of chronic pain, published between January 1990 and March 2023 and located via PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cinahl, and Web of Science, using the following keywords: Ziconotide, Omega conotoxin, Prialt, SNX-111, intrathecal therapy, and neuropathic pain. Only publications written in English were selected. Results: Among the 86 selected studies, we found 4 Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) and 3 prospective long-term studies concerning the intrathecal use of Ziconotide as a monotherapy in chronic pain. Other studies described the intrathecal infusion of Ziconotide combined with other drugs. Overall, Ziconotide has been proved to have strong efficacy for relieving chronic pain, although patients with co-morbid psychiatric disorders require a careful monitoring when treated with Ziconotide. Conclusions: Overall, the use of Ziconotide, as a monotherapy or in conjunction with other therapies for the treatment of chronic pain, was reported to be efficacious. Overall, its use in patients with chronic pain refractory to other pharmacologic agents outweighs the possible adverse consequences, thus resulting in a favorable benefit/risk assessment.
Keywords: Ziconotide; chronic pain; intrathecal analgesia Ziconotide; chronic pain; intrathecal analgesia

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Rubiu, E.; Restelli, F.; Nazzi, V.; Mazzapicchi, E.; Bonomo, G.; Veiceschi, P.; Alfiero, T.; Agresta, G.; Locatelli, D.; Dario, A. A Benefit/Risk Assessment of Intrathecal Ziconotide in Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 1644. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061644

AMA Style

Rubiu E, Restelli F, Nazzi V, Mazzapicchi E, Bonomo G, Veiceschi P, Alfiero T, Agresta G, Locatelli D, Dario A. A Benefit/Risk Assessment of Intrathecal Ziconotide in Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(6):1644. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061644

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rubiu, Emanuele, Francesco Restelli, Vittoria Nazzi, Elio Mazzapicchi, Giulio Bonomo, Pierlorenzo Veiceschi, Tommaso Alfiero, Gianluca Agresta, Davide Locatelli, and Alessandro Dario. 2024. "A Benefit/Risk Assessment of Intrathecal Ziconotide in Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 6: 1644. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061644

APA Style

Rubiu, E., Restelli, F., Nazzi, V., Mazzapicchi, E., Bonomo, G., Veiceschi, P., Alfiero, T., Agresta, G., Locatelli, D., & Dario, A. (2024). A Benefit/Risk Assessment of Intrathecal Ziconotide in Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(6), 1644. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13061644

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Back to TopTop