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Review

A Systematic Literature Review of Predictors of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Failure in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes

by
Ralph Boccia
1,
Hong Xiao
2,
Caroline von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
3,
Renuka Raorane
3,
Sohan Deshpande
3,
Sven L. Klijn
2 and
Aylin Yucel
2,*
1
The Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, 6410 Rockledge Drive, Suite 660, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
2
Bristol Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
3
Evidera, Ltd., UK Office, The Ark, 201 Talgarth Rd, London W6 8BJ, UK
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13(9), 2702; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092702
Submission received: 16 January 2024 / Revised: 4 April 2024 / Accepted: 24 April 2024 / Published: 4 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Hematology)
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Abstract

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are the first-line treatment option for anemia in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (LR-MDS). A systematic literature review was conducted to identify evidence of the association between prognostic factors and ESA response/failure in LR-MDS. MEDLINE, Embase, and relevant conferences were searched systematically for studies assessing the association between prognostic factors and ESA response/failure in adult patients. Of 1566 citations identified, 38 were included. Patient risk status in studies published from 2000 onwards was commonly assessed using the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) or revised IPSS. ESA response was generally assessed using the International Working Group MDS criteria. Among the included studies, statistically significant relationships were found, in both univariate and multivariate analyses, between ESA response and the following prognostic factors: higher hemoglobin levels, lower serum erythropoietin levels, and transfusion independence. Furthermore, other prognostic factors such as age, bone marrow blasts, serum ferritin level, IPSS risk status, and karyotype status did not demonstrate statistically significant relationships with ESA response. This systematic literature review has confirmed prognostic factors of ESA response/failure. Guidance to correctly identify patients with these characteristics could be helpful for clinicians to provide optimal treatment.
Keywords: myelodysplastic syndromes; ESA failure; systematic literature review myelodysplastic syndromes; ESA failure; systematic literature review

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MDPI and ACS Style

Boccia, R.; Xiao, H.; von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, C.; Raorane, R.; Deshpande, S.; Klijn, S.L.; Yucel, A. A Systematic Literature Review of Predictors of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Failure in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes. J. Clin. Med. 2024, 13, 2702. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092702

AMA Style

Boccia R, Xiao H, von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff C, Raorane R, Deshpande S, Klijn SL, Yucel A. A Systematic Literature Review of Predictors of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Failure in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2024; 13(9):2702. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092702

Chicago/Turabian Style

Boccia, Ralph, Hong Xiao, Caroline von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, Renuka Raorane, Sohan Deshpande, Sven L. Klijn, and Aylin Yucel. 2024. "A Systematic Literature Review of Predictors of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Failure in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes" Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 9: 2702. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092702

APA Style

Boccia, R., Xiao, H., von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, C., Raorane, R., Deshpande, S., Klijn, S. L., & Yucel, A. (2024). A Systematic Literature Review of Predictors of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agent Failure in Lower-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(9), 2702. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13092702

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