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Volume 14
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

An Evaluation of Polish Women’s Knowledge of Perineal Incision: A Cross-Sectional Study

by
Romana Buchert
1,†,
Katarzyna Wszołek
1,*,†,
Kinga Bednarek
1,
Marcin Wierzchowski
2,
Maciej Wilczak
1 and
Karolina Chmaj-Wierzchowska
1,*
1
Department of Maternal and Child Health and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland
2
Chair and Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14(14), 5142; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14145142 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 1 June 2025 / Revised: 9 July 2025 / Accepted: 18 July 2025 / Published: 19 July 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Challenges in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Interactions Between Gynecological and Obstetric Disorders, Quality of Life, and Mental Health in Women)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background/Objectives: A perineal incision (episiotomy) is a surgical procedure involving the controlled cutting of perineal tissues to widen the vaginal outlet during the second stage of labor. The aim of this study was to assess Polish women’s knowledge regarding perineal incision. Methods: This study was conducted using an unvalidated, anonymous questionnaire created in Google Forms. Results: Women with higher education, those who had undergone childbirth, and those who identified the Internet, medical personnel, medical personnel on social media, and medical journals as sources had significantly higher levels of knowledge. Respondents aged 25 years or younger had significantly lower knowledge levels compared to those aged over 26. Additionally, respondents living in cities with populations of up to 500,000 had significantly lower levels of knowledge compared to women living in larger cities. Conclusions: The level of women’s knowledge about perineal incision varies and is influenced by several factors. Significant determinants of higher levels of knowledge were higher education, having a history of obstetric delivery, being over 25 years old, and using information provided by medical personnel, including those present on social media.
Keywords: perineal incision; episiotomy; knowledge of perineal incisions perineal incision; episiotomy; knowledge of perineal incisions

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MDPI and ACS Style

Buchert, R.; Wszołek, K.; Bednarek, K.; Wierzchowski, M.; Wilczak, M.; Chmaj-Wierzchowska, K. An Evaluation of Polish Women’s Knowledge of Perineal Incision: A Cross-Sectional Study. J. Clin. Med. 2025, 14, 5142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14145142

AMA Style

Buchert R, Wszołek K, Bednarek K, Wierzchowski M, Wilczak M, Chmaj-Wierzchowska K. An Evaluation of Polish Women’s Knowledge of Perineal Incision: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025; 14(14):5142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14145142

Chicago/Turabian Style

Buchert, Romana, Katarzyna Wszołek, Kinga Bednarek, Marcin Wierzchowski, Maciej Wilczak, and Karolina Chmaj-Wierzchowska. 2025. "An Evaluation of Polish Women’s Knowledge of Perineal Incision: A Cross-Sectional Study" Journal of Clinical Medicine 14, no. 14: 5142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14145142

APA Style

Buchert, R., Wszołek, K., Bednarek, K., Wierzchowski, M., Wilczak, M., & Chmaj-Wierzchowska, K. (2025). An Evaluation of Polish Women’s Knowledge of Perineal Incision: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 14(14), 5142. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14145142

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