Positive Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Expression Predicts Poor Treatment Outcomes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Patient and Tumor Materials
2.2. Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Clinicopathological Characteristics
3.2. Associations between Pathological Complete Respoznse with Clinicopathological Characteristics
3.3. Associations between Patient Survival with Clinicopathological Characteristics
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | No. of Cases (Percentage) |
---|---|
Age (years) (mean: 53.6, median: 52, range 37–77) | |
<50 | 40 (37%) |
50 ≤ Age < 60 | 36 (34%) |
60 ≤ Age< 70 | 27 (25%) |
70 ≤ Age | 4 (4%) |
Clinical seventh American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage | |
II | 21 (20%) |
III | 86 (80%) |
Clinical T classification | |
T2 | 11 (10%) |
T3 | 46 (43%) |
T4 | 50 (47%) |
Clinical N classification | |
N0 | 22 (21%) |
N1 | 36 (34%) |
N2 | 35 (33%) |
N3 | 14 (13%) |
Histologic grade (Tumor differentiation) | |
Grade 1 (Well differentiated) | 22 (21%) |
Grade 2 (Moderately differentiated) | 58 (54%) |
Grade 3 (poorly differentiated, undifferentiated) | 27 (25%) |
Primary tumor location | |
Upper | 20 (19%) |
Middle | 43 (40%) |
Lower | 44 (41%) |
PD-L1 expression | |
Negative | 75 (70%) |
Positive | 32 (30%) |
pCR | |
Absent | 79 (74%) |
Present | 28 (26%) |
Parameters | PD-L1 Expression | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Negative | Positive | p value | ||
Age | ≤52 years old | 40 | 15 | 0.54 |
>52 years old | 35 | 17 | ||
Clinical seventh AJCC stage | II | 15 | 6 | 0.88 |
III | 60 | 26 | ||
Clinical T classification | T2/3 | 39 | 18 | 0.69 |
T4 | 36 | 14 | ||
Clinical N classification | N0 | 18 | 4 | 0.18 |
N1/2/3 | 57 | 28 | ||
Clinical N classification | N0/1 | 40 | 18 | 0.78 |
N2/3 | 35 | 14 | ||
Histologic grade | Grade 1/2 | 56 | 24 | 0.97 |
Grade 3 | 19 | 8 | ||
Histologic grade | Grade 1 | 18 | 4 | 0.18 |
Grade 2/3 | 57 | 28 | ||
Primary tumor location | Upper/Middle | 44 | 19 | 0.95 |
Lower | 31 | 13 |
Parameters | Pathological Complete Response | |||
Present | Absent | p value | ||
Age | ≤52 years old | 11 | 44 | 0.14 |
>52 years old | 17 | 35 | ||
Clinical seventh AJCC stage | II | 8 | 13 | 0.17 |
III | 20 | 66 | ||
Clinical T classification | T2/3 | 20 | 37 | 0.025* |
T4 | 8 | 42 | ||
Clinical N classification | N0 | 9 | 13 | 0.078 |
N1/2/3 | 19 | 66 | ||
Clinical N classification | N0/1 | 17 | 41 | 0.42 |
N2/3 | 11 | 38 | ||
Histologic grade | Grade 1/2 | 19 | 61 | 0.87 |
Grade 3 | 6 | 21 | ||
Histologic grade | Grade 1 | 8 | 14 | 0.22 |
Grade 2/3 | 20 | 65 | ||
Primary tumor location | Upper/Middle | 12 | 51 | 0.21 |
Lower | 13 | 31 | ||
PD-L1 expression | Negative | 24 | 51 | 0.036* |
Positive | 4 | 28 |
Factors | No. of Patients | Overall Survival (OS) | Disease-Free Survival (DFS) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3-Year OS Rate (%) | p Value | 3-Year DFS Rate (%) | p Value | ||
Age | |||||
≤52 years old | 55 | 35% | 0.51 | 29% | 0.86 |
>52 years old | 52 | 40% | 35% | ||
Clinical seventh AJCC stage | |||||
II | 21 | 52% | 0.14 | 52% | 0.084 |
III | 86 | 34% | 27% | ||
Clinical T classification | |||||
T2/3 | 57 | 49% | 0.015* | 42% | 0.006* |
T4 | 50 | 24% | 20% | ||
Clinical N classification | |||||
N0 | 22 | 55% | 0.10 | 55% | 0.046* |
N1/2/3 | 85 | 33% | 26% | ||
Clinical N classification | |||||
N0/1 | 58 | 47% | 0.025* | 38% | 0.044* |
N2/3 | 49 | 27% | 25% | ||
Histologic grade | |||||
Grade 1/2 | 80 | 39% | 0.18 | 33% | 0.82 |
Grade 3 | 27 | 33% | 30% | ||
Histologic grade | |||||
Grade 1 | 22 | 50% | 0.17 | 50% | 0.24 |
Grade 2/3 | 85 | 34% | 27% | ||
Primary tumor location | |||||
Upper/Middle | 63 | 38% | 0.89 | 30% | 0.75 |
Lower | 44 | 36% | 34% | ||
PD-L1 expression | |||||
Negative | 75 | 47% | 0.004* | 43% | <0.001* |
Positive | 32 | 16% | 6% |
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Huang, W.-T.; Lu, H.-I.; Wang, Y.-M.; Chen, Y.-H.; Lo, C.-M.; Lin, W.-C.; Lan, Y.-C.; Tseng, L.-H.; Li, S.-H. Positive Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Expression Predicts Poor Treatment Outcomes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 1864. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111864
Huang W-T, Lu H-I, Wang Y-M, Chen Y-H, Lo C-M, Lin W-C, Lan Y-C, Tseng L-H, Li S-H. Positive Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Expression Predicts Poor Treatment Outcomes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 8(11):1864. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111864
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuang, Wan-Ting, Hung-I Lu, Yu-Ming Wang, Yen-Hao Chen, Chien-Ming Lo, Wei-Che Lin, Ya-Chun Lan, Ling-Huei Tseng, and Shau-Hsuan Li. 2019. "Positive Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Expression Predicts Poor Treatment Outcomes in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy" Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 11: 1864. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111864