Parameters Affecting the Antimicrobial Properties of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Plasma Experimental Setup
2.2. Bacterial Strain and Culture
2.3. In Vitro Growth Inhibition Assay
2.4. Taguchi Method
2.5. Bacterial Viability Assay
2.6. DNA Damage Assay
2.7. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope Analysis
2.8. In Vivo Evaluation
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Plasma Characterization
3.2. CAPJ Possess Bactericidal Activity
3.3. Analysis of the Bactericidal Activity by Using Taguchi Method
3.4. Validation of Bactericidal Activity Conferred by CAPJ Treated under S10
3.5. CAPJ Treatment Induced DNA Double-Strand Breaks (DSB) and Disruption of Cell Wall Integrity
3.6. In Vivo Evaluation
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Symbol | Process Parameter | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 |
---|---|---|---|---|
A | Application voltage (kV) | 6.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 |
B | CAPJ-sample distance (mm) | 10 | 20 | 30 |
C | Ar gas flow rate (sccm) | 0 | 200 | 500 |
D | CAPJ treatment time (s) | 60 | 180 | 300 |
Sample # | Control Factors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
A | B | C | D | |
S1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
S2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
S3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
S4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
S5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 |
S6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 |
S7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
S8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 |
S9 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Sample Designation | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | S8 | S9 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CAPJ conditions | A (kV) | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 |
B (mm) | 10 | 20 | 30 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 10 | 20 | 30 | |
C (sccm) | 0 | 200 | 500 | 200 | 500 | 0 | 500 | 0 | 200 | |
D (s) | 60 | 180 | 300 | 300 | 60 | 180 | 180 | 300 | 60 |
Sample Designation. | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | S8 | S9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bactericidal activity (%) | 45.7 | 31.3 | 90.6 | 92.8 | 53.2 | 37.7 | 85.9 | 100.0 | 22.6 |
Source of Variance | Degree of Freedom | Sum of Square | Variance | Contribution (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A, | Application voltage (kV) | 2 | 0.68 | 0.01 | 0.2 |
B, | CAPJ-sample distance (mm) | 2 | 34.04 | 0.69 | 11.2 |
C, | Ar gas flow rate (sccm) | 2 | 36.15 | 0.74 | 12.1 |
D, | CAPJ treatment time (s) | 2 | 111.04 | 4.70 | 76.5 |
Total | 8 | 181.91 | 6.15 | 100.0 |
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Lou, B.-S.; Lai, C.-H.; Chu, T.-P.; Hsieh, J.-H.; Chen, C.-M.; Su, Y.-M.; Hou, C.-W.; Chou, P.-Y.; Lee, J.-W. Parameters Affecting the Antimicrobial Properties of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 1930. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111930
Lou B-S, Lai C-H, Chu T-P, Hsieh J-H, Chen C-M, Su Y-M, Hou C-W, Chou P-Y, Lee J-W. Parameters Affecting the Antimicrobial Properties of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 8(11):1930. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111930
Chicago/Turabian StyleLou, Bih-Show, Chih-Ho Lai, Teng-Ping Chu, Jang-Hsing Hsieh, Chun-Ming Chen, Yu-Ming Su, Chun-Wei Hou, Pang-Yun Chou, and Jyh-Wei Lee. 2019. "Parameters Affecting the Antimicrobial Properties of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Jet" Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 11: 1930. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8111930