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Article

Two Sides of One Coin: A Comparison of Clinical and Neurobiological Characteristics of Convicted and Non-Convicted Pedophilic Child Sexual Offenders

by
Charlotte Gibbels
1,
Christopher Sinke
1,
Jonas Kneer
1,
Till Amelung
2,
Sebastian Mohnke
2,
Klaus Michael Beier
2,
Henrik Walter
3,
Kolja Schiltz
4,
Hannah Gerwinn
5,
Alexander Pohl
5,
Jorge Ponseti
5,
Carina Foedisch
6,
Inka Ristow
6,
Martin Walter
6,7,
Christian Kaergel
8,
Claudia Massau
8,
Boris Schiffer
8 and
Tillmann H.C. Kruger
1,*
1
Division of Clinical Psychology and Sexual Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hanover, Germany
2
Institute of Sexology and Sexual Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
3
Division of Mind and Brain Research, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, CCM, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany
4
Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
5
Kiel University, Medical School, Institute of Sexual Medicine and Forensic Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 24105 Kiel, Germany
6
Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
7
Department of Psychiatry, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
8
Division of Forensic Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Preventive Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, LWL University Hospital, 44791 Bochum, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8(7), 947; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070947
Submission received: 31 May 2019 / Revised: 24 June 2019 / Accepted: 26 June 2019 / Published: 29 June 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Research in Sexuality and Mental Health)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

High prevalence of child sexual offending stand in contradiction to low conviction rates (one-tenth at most) of child sexual offenders (CSOs). Little is known about possible differences between convicted and non-convicted pedophilic CSOs and why only some become known to the judicial system. This investigation takes a closer look at the two sides of “child sexual offending” by focusing on clinical and neurobiological characteristics of convicted and non-convicted pedophilic CSOs as presented in the Neural Mechanisms Underlying Pedophilia and sexual offending against children (NeMUP)*-study. Seventy-nine male pedophilic CSOs were examined, 48 of them convicted. All participants received a thorough clinical examination including the structured clinical interview (SCID), intelligence, empathy, impulsivity, and criminal history. Sixty-one participants (38 convicted) underwent an inhibition performance task (Go/No-go paradigm) combined with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Convicted and non-convicted pedophilic CSOs revealed similar clinical characteristics, inhibition performances, and neuronal activation. However, convicted subjects’ age preference was lower (i.e., higher interest in prepubescent children) and they had committed a significantly higher number of sexual offenses against children compared to non-convicted subjects. In conclusion, sexual age preference may represent one of the major driving forces for elevated rates of sexual offenses against children in this sample, and careful clinical assessment thereof should be incorporated in every preventive approach.
Keywords: NeMUP; child sexual offending; child sexual abuse; pedophilia; fMRI; SCID NeMUP; child sexual offending; child sexual abuse; pedophilia; fMRI; SCID

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gibbels, C.; Sinke, C.; Kneer, J.; Amelung, T.; Mohnke, S.; Beier, K.M.; Walter, H.; Schiltz, K.; Gerwinn, H.; Pohl, A.; et al. Two Sides of One Coin: A Comparison of Clinical and Neurobiological Characteristics of Convicted and Non-Convicted Pedophilic Child Sexual Offenders. J. Clin. Med. 2019, 8, 947. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070947

AMA Style

Gibbels C, Sinke C, Kneer J, Amelung T, Mohnke S, Beier KM, Walter H, Schiltz K, Gerwinn H, Pohl A, et al. Two Sides of One Coin: A Comparison of Clinical and Neurobiological Characteristics of Convicted and Non-Convicted Pedophilic Child Sexual Offenders. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019; 8(7):947. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070947

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gibbels, Charlotte, Christopher Sinke, Jonas Kneer, Till Amelung, Sebastian Mohnke, Klaus Michael Beier, Henrik Walter, Kolja Schiltz, Hannah Gerwinn, Alexander Pohl, and et al. 2019. "Two Sides of One Coin: A Comparison of Clinical and Neurobiological Characteristics of Convicted and Non-Convicted Pedophilic Child Sexual Offenders" Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 7: 947. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070947

APA Style

Gibbels, C., Sinke, C., Kneer, J., Amelung, T., Mohnke, S., Beier, K. M., Walter, H., Schiltz, K., Gerwinn, H., Pohl, A., Ponseti, J., Foedisch, C., Ristow, I., Walter, M., Kaergel, C., Massau, C., Schiffer, B., & Kruger, T. H. C. (2019). Two Sides of One Coin: A Comparison of Clinical and Neurobiological Characteristics of Convicted and Non-Convicted Pedophilic Child Sexual Offenders. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(7), 947. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm8070947

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